Effect of Gibberellic Acid and Royal Jelly Injection on Some Productive, Reproductive and Physiological Traits in Matrouh Chickens Strain During Summer Season.

Abstract

A total of 168 laying hens and 21 cocks of Matrouh local strain at 24 weeks of age (At 43.93 % egg production)was used in a completely randomized design among seven treatment groups with three replicates per treatment group (8 hens and 1 cock per replicate).Birds are biweekly injected, up to 36 weeks of age (12 weeks). The 1 st treatment group of birds were injected with saline solution 0.9% only and served as control, The birds in 2 nd and 3 rd treatment groups, were injected subcutaneously with 100 and 200 μg Gibberellic acid (GA3)/kg body weight (BW), respectively. The 4 th and 5 th treatment groups were injected with50 and 100 μg Royal Jelly (RJ)/kg BW, respectively. The 6 th treatment group was injected subcutaneously with 50μg GA3 plus25μg RJ/kg BW. The 7 th treatment group was injected subcutaneously with 100 μg GA3 plus 50μg RJ/kg BW. The same 7 treatment groups were used also, on 21 cocks in individual batteries to take semen quality. The obtained results revealed that, Injection with 100 , 200 μg GA3 or50 , 100 μg RJ /kg BW of Matrouh chicks improved significantly (P<0.05 and P<0.01) body weight changes (BWC),fertility eggs %, hatchability/total eggs % and chicks hatch weight (g), sperm-cell concentration (X 10 9 /ml) and sperm motility (%), while significantly (P<0.05) decreased each of dead spermatozoa (%), sperm abnormalities (%), and acrosomal damage (%) as compared with the control group. Layers injected by 100 , 200 μgGA3/kg body weight showed significantly (P≤0. 05 and P≤0. 01) improved feed conversion ratio (FCR), egg production (EP)% and egg mass (EM) compared with those the groups 170 EZZAT et al. 50 , 100 μg RJ /kg BW and control groups through the whole of the experimental period. Injection with 50, 100 μg of RJ /kg BW caused to increase significantly (P≤0. 01) in IgG and IgM and primary and secondary antibody titer against sheep red blood cells (SRBC's) in hens as compared with100, 200 μg of GA3and the control group. Injection 100 , 200 μg of GA3 /kg BW caused to increase significantly (P≤0. 05 and P≤0. 01) in concentration of estrogen in hens and testosterone of cocks, FSH and LH in hens and cocks when compared with those in control group. In conclusion, injection with 100, 200 μg GA3 /kg BW improved productive, reproductive and physiological performance of males and females Matrouh. Furthermore, the RJ-treated groups had significantly improved immune responses in hens and the quality of semen parameters in cocks under summer season conditions in Egypt.

Impact of Royal Jelly, Gibberellic Acid and Testosterone Treatments on Some Productive, Egg Quality Traits and Economic Efficiency in Local Chicken Strain, During the Summer Season of Egypt.

“…While, the lowest value of economical efficiency 89.41 % and 83.44% were recorded in the Ts and control groups, respectively in pullets during at the end of the experimental period (24-48 weeks of age). The same results were obtained by Ezzat et al (2020), result showed that the clearer that Matrouh layers injected with 200 μg of GA 3 /kg BW were recorded the highest net revenue and the best economical efficiency followed by those 100 μg of GA 3 /kg BW as compared with the control groups, while 50 or 100 μg of RJ/kg BW had the lowest net revenue and economical efficiency (%).…”

“…Testosterone enhanced survivorship could potentially increase lifetime reproductive success (Daan and Tinbergen 1997;Stearns, 1992). On the other hand, the present results may be related to the active principles of RJ which, is considered to be an excellent food resource as it contains a wide range of biochemical and nutritionally important substances as: minerals, trace elements, wide range of carbohydrates, organic acids, lipids, sterols, nucleic acids, free amino acids, vitamins and over 100 kinds of enzymes and cofactors which increased the immunity of chickens and reduce the mortality rate (Ezzat et al, 2020).…”

“…GA 3 has an estrogenic effect due to the increase in egg production and the increase in the number of yolk growth on the ovary, so the percentage of egg yolk was higher than the other groups, but it was not significant, and this effect may be due to the decrease in the weight of the yolk and thus the decrease in the percentage of yolk (Azza El-Sebai et al, 2003). These results may be due to the increase in egg production due to treatment by 200 mg / kg BW RJ, GA 3 and Ts concentration (Mohammadi, 2013 andEzzat et al, 2020). However, results obtained revealed that the effect of Ts, RJ and GA 3 treatments on egg albumin weight was significant (P<0.05) increased than the control group in laying hen during period 32-48 weeks of age.…”

“…From the oldest to the most recent they were showing that the LBW and BWG of the female chicks injected with 200 μg RJ, GA 3 and Ts increased compared to the control group. These results may be related to the active principles of RJ and GA 3 , which was considered to be an excellent feed resource as it contains a wide range of biochemical and nutritionally important substances as: minerals, trace elements, wide range of carbohydrates, organic acids, lipids, sterols, nucleic acids, free amino acids, vitamins and over 100 kinds of enzymes and cofactors (Ismail, 2009 andEzzat et al, 2020). Also, Hubert et al (2011) and Mohammadi (2013) reported that testosterone hormone contents increase the resistance of tissues to toxicants and different harmful pathogens, also reported that increase number of goblet cells that acts as a defensive barrier against chemical or mechanical damage and to trapping invading pathogens (Guibert et al, 2012 andPossenti et al, 2016).…”

Bee Products for Poultry and Rabbits: Current Challenges and Perspectives

“…Despite some of these substances being considered by-products, they are sources of bioactive compounds with relevant biological effects and significant impacts on animal physiological and productive performance [4,29,30]. Several studies have found that bee products, with a high content of essential amino acids, antioxidants, active enzymes, vitamins, minerals, antibacterial, antiprotozoal, and immunostimulant substances, can improve animals' growth, meat quality, and immunological performance [3,4,[31][32][33][34] (Figure 1). Rabie et al [29] found that administering propolis (400 mg/kg diet) or bee-pollen (2 g/kg diet) to the broiler diets as well as adding bee-venom (2 mg/L water) to broiler drinking water is recommended instead of using antibiotics in broiler farms to increase body weight and improve blood biochemical indices.…”