Aim:The main objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of fascioliasis infections in cattle and buffaloes, slaughtered in El-Kharga city slaughterhouse at New Valley Governorate.Materials and Methods:The slaughtered animals were daily inspected for liver fascioliasis allover 2016. Macroscopic fascioliasis was detected from a total of 2251 basing on animals specie, sex, season, and Fasciola spp. in addition to microscopic examination of blood, fecal samples which collected from female cattle and buffalo (50 each).Results:The total prevalence rate of Fasciola sp. infection occurs in the study area were about 695/2251 (30.88%) from the total cattle and bovine slaughtered carcasses. The incidence of fascioliasis was 4/12 (33.33%) and 678/2200 (30.82%) for females and males cattle carcasses, respectively, while the infection rate in buffalo carcasses was 1/4 (25.00%) and 12/35 (34.29%) for females and males buffalo carcasses, respectively.Conclusion:The moderate fasciolosis infection in cattle and buffaloes slaughtered at the municipal abattoir of El-Kharga, Egypt. The highest fascioliasis infection was recorded during winter and autumn. It constitutes a major cause of economic losses at El-Kharga abattoir and threat public health.
Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi) is a haemoflagellate extracellular parasite causing a well-known disease termed surra, and its occurrence greatly influences livestock development (Luckins, 1988). T. evansi isn't only spread by mechanical transmission by biting flies Tabanus spp. and Stomoxys spp., but also during nursing, copulation or ingestion of infected tissues by carnivores (Womak, 2001).In countries with hot and mild temperatures and where camels are bred, surra is the major enzootic disease for camels with an incredibly large geographic range. (Eyob and Matios, 2013). It was reported in several Asian countries, African countries, South and Central America (Da Silva et al., 2010, Sow et al., 2014.T. evansi multiplies in a mammalian host by the process of longitudinal binary fission in the trypomastigote stage (Hoare, 1972).
wenty-eight pregnant Saidi ewes were assigned to 4 treatments to study the influence of dietary Lemongrass and Roselle on blood metabolites, antioxidant status and anticoccidial effect. The experiment lasted for 75 days (15 before parturition and 60 after parturition). The treatments were: (1) CON group, animals received control diet without additives, consist of concentrate mixture (CM) and wheat straw; (2) LG group, animals fed control diet plus 4g Lemongrass/ kg dry matter (DM) of CM: (3) RO group, animals fed control diet plus 4g Roselle /kg DM of CM and (4) LGRO group, animals fed control diet plus (2g Lemongrass +2g Roselle)/kg DM of CM. Blood and feces samples were taken at the end of the trial to determine some of blood metabolites and parasitic number. Dietary LGRO decreased (P<0.05) plasma protein and albumin while the ewes fed LG had the highest (P<0.05) concentration of globulin. Plasma creatinine concentration was lower (P<0.05) in treatment groups compared to CON group. There was a significant increase in plasma cholesterol concentration of LG and RO groups, while LGRO group had the lowest concentration of plasma total cholesterol (P<0.05) compared with other ones. Also, feeding with LG and LGRO had negative effect on the level of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase enzymes. Ewes fed RO had the highest (P<0.05) level of LDH enzyme compared with other groups. Dietary RO decreased (P<0.05) triioidothyronine (T 3) concentration, while LGRO groups tended to increase (P<0.05) T 4 concentration. Dietary LG and RO improved (P<0.05) total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) compared to CON group. Heavy infection was detected with Coccidia in the fecal samples of control group compared to LG and RO groups, while tented to have less quantity of oocysts output in LGRO group. It could be concluded that the addition of LG or RO in the diets may improve some blood metabolites, antioxidant status and immune response of Saidi ewes.
Parasitic infections retarded growth rate, decrease milk and meat production, abortion, and mortality which leading to huge economic losses in addition to its zoonotic impacts. Slaughterhouses used to monitor the infectious disease among food animals and play an important role in eliminating various diseases and prevent the transmission of infectious and zoonotic diseases to humans. The study aimed to identify the protozoan and uncommon nematodes larvae that affect cattle in New-Valley Governorate, Egypt. All slaughtered cattle's slaughtered at El-Kharga abattoir were inspected for the presence of Theileria spp., Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), and Ascarid larvae during the period from July 2017 to the end of November 2018. Eighty livers and twenty spleens were examined by tissue impression smear stained with Giemsa stain to detect the prevalence of the parasites that embedded in the liver and spleen tissue, the prevalence of Theileria spp. was 62.5% in liver samples and 60 % in spleen samples, while prevalence of T. gondii was (10%) in the spleen. However, the percentage of T.gondii in the liver was 1.25%. Five percent of examined cattle's have been infected by Ascarid larva, which was found mainly in spleen. More education programs to farmers, veterinarians and improved public awareness are recommended. Broad spectrum anthelmintic must be applied to the animals' pasture. Future molecular biological studies are recommended to find out if the Theileria spp., Toxoplasma spp. and Ascarid larvae encountered in New-Valley cattle are pathogenic human genotypes will represent a serious health problem especially for populations who comes in contact with cattle.
Avian coccidiosis is the primary parasitic disease that afflicts poultry and is responsible for significant economic losses. Vaccination has emerged as a viable alternative to chemical treatments for controlling broiler coccidiosis and has shown considerable potential for mitigating its impact. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Fortegra ® vaccination in controlling coccidiosis in broiler chickens. A total of 245 unsexed one-day-old broiler chickens obtained from Masr poultry were divided into seven groups, with 35 birds in each group. Four groups (GA1, GA2, GA3, and GA4) were vaccinated with Fortegra ® while three groups (GB1, GB2, and GB3) served as non-vaccinated controls. At 6 days of age, all chicks in the vaccinated group were administered Fortegra ® , while all groups except GA3 and GB3 were infected with coccidia at day 22. The results showed that vaccination did not prevent infection but resulted in lower lesion scores compared to the conventional and control groups. Body weight in the vaccinated group (GA) was lower than that of the non-vaccinated (GB) groups. Microscopic examination of fecal samples collected at different ages confirmed coccidia infection in all experimental groups. Broiler intestinal mucosa scrapings revealed typical forms of Eimeria species, leading to bloody diarrhea and petechial hemorrhage. After a 72-hour period at 30ºC with forced aeration, sporulation occurred, and oocysts were stored in a potassium dichromate solution. Microscopic examination confirmed the presence and shape of oocysts, and experimental samples displayed a 500 bp amplicon size specific to Eimeria spp. While Fortegra ® vaccination did not prevent infection, it resulted in lower lesion scores compared to the conventional and control groups. Thus, vaccination may serve as an effective approach for controlling coccidiosis in broiler chickens, but further research is necessary to optimize vaccination protocols and evaluate its long-term effects on broiler production.
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