No abstract

The present investigation was carried out on thirty six mature Westar rats from laboratory animal unit in the faculty of veterinary medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt. The animals were divided into six groups of six animals for each. Group I was considered as a control group. Group II was treated with tartrazine only in a dose 500 mg/kg body weight by oral gavage for 30 day. Group III was treated with the same dose of tartrazine with 300 mg/kg body weight Royal jelly. Group IV was treated with tartrazine and Code liver oil in a dose 0.4 mg/kg body weight. While the last two groups, V and VI were treated with Code liver oil and Royal jelly separately by the above mentioned doses for 30 days. At the end of experiment, cervical dislocation of rats and for the histological studies, the liver, kidney, testis and brain tissues in addition to stomach were separated and small pieces from them were taken, fixed in neutral buffered formalin 10%, dehydrated, cleared and processed for paraffin blocks and 5 micron sections were obtained, mounted on a glass slides and stained histologically with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and Blue Masson's Trichrome. Groups I, V, VI showed normal histological structure of all selected tissues without any abnormalities. Group II showed severe steatosis, diffuse degeneration, necrosis of hepatic tissues, fibrous tissue proliferation with anti-inflammatory cells infiltration in the portal areas and moderate disorganization of hepatic cords. Furthermore, hyperplasia of the interstitial connective tissue and Leydig cells with marked vacuolations were recognized. Moreover, slightly vacuolations in brain tissues were recognized specially within the white matter as well as degenerative changes in stomach mucosa. And also, hyaline degeneration in renal tubules and vacuolations of glomeruli were observed. The present investigation concluded that the serious effect of tartrazine toxicity was more pronounced in liver then kidney, stomach, testis and brain tissues respectively. Moreover, the curative protective effect of both royal jelly and cod liver oil are non-significant against tartrazine toxicity.

Ten hearts of mature healthy Buffalo (Bos bubalis L.) were employed to investigate the histological and histochemical structures of the moderator bands. Hearts were gently dissected and the moderator bands were collected. The specimens were processed histologically and subjected to different stains. Grossly, the moderator band (Septomarginal trabeculae) was a single muscular band that was found only in the right ventricle of the buffalo heart. It extended from the interventricular septum to the free ventricular wall especially at the base of the papillary muscle, crossing and passing through the ventricular cavity. Histologically, the moderator band was invested in a dense capsule of connective tissue, endocardium that is mainly consisting of three layers; the endothelial layer of simple squamous epithelium, subendothelial layer of loose connective tissue and the subendocardial layer that connects the endocardium with myocardium. Internally, about 4/5 of the core, myocardium is of the cardiac muscle fibers that arranged in bundles of one direction while only about 1/5 is lodged by purkinje cardiomyocytes that were arranged in bundles distributing mainly in two areas within the moderator band; the subendocardial layer beneath the subendothelial connective tissue and myocardium in between the cardiac myocytes bundles. Centrally, a medium-sized artery of thick wall and a very distinct internal elastic lamina was observed running at the center of the band myocardium and is surrounded with the cardiac myocytes bundles.

The current investigation was carried out on the seminal glands of six apparently healthy mature male Buffalo bulls and six immature. The specimens were collected and examined anatomically and histologically after being fixed in 10% buffered neutral formalin. The specimens were subjected to processing till paraffin sections were obtained and stained. The anatomical and histological findings of the seminal glands are varying with age. Anatomically, the immature seminal gland was small sized, flaccid in texture, white in color and measured about 0.80-0.95 gm in weight, 1.95-2.50 cm in length, 1.00-1.15 cm in width and about 0.46-0.60 cm in thickness. Meanwhile, in mature one became larger in size, firm in texture, pale yellow in color, multi-lobulated where had a very large lobules on its outer surface giving, cluster of grapes liked appearance. It measured about 7-8 gm in weight, 5-6 cm in length, 2-2.5 cm in width and about 80-1.3 cm in thickness. Microscopically, the seminal gland was observed consisting of a stroma of connective tissue and a parenchyma of differentiating and undifferentiating acini in immature animal. Meanwhile, in mature one, the parenchyma was consisted of secretory end pieces and well-developed duct system. With advancement of age, the thickness of the capsule and trabeculae increased, also the number of secretory end pieces per unite area increased and the amount of inter-glandular connective tissue stroma reduced.

The present investigation was conducted to assess the effect of different dietary protein percentages and starvation on the health, behavior, blood chemistry, immune response and histoarchitectures of fan tail gold fish Carassius auratus L. Experiment was carried out using 80 Carassius auratus with an average body weight 18 ± 2 g which were divided into four groups in duplicate in which, group 1 feed with diet A; 28% Crude Protein (CP). Fish in group 2 was fed on diet B (17% CP) and fish in group 3 was feed on diet C (45% CP) and group 4 kept as fasted group. The experimental period was 8 weeks. The current study clarified that significant high growth rate, improved welfare; decrease aggressive behavior, improved biochemical serum parameters and immune response were observed in group feed with diet containing 45% crude protein. Starvation is directly affected health, immunity and welfare as well as histoarchitectures of all selected organs. Histologically, there is no any significant changes on the histoarchitectures of the all selected organs; liver, spleen, intestine, head kidney as well as muscle of groups 1, 2 and 3 feed with diet A (28% CP), diet B (17% CP) and diet C (45% CP) respectively. Meanwhile, the fasting of group 4 had the most effective changes on the histoarchitectures of all selected organs.