Low-dimensional materials, due to their versatile properties are very interesting for numerous electronics and optoelectronics applications. Recently rediscovered black phosphorus, with a graphite-like structure can be exfoliated up to the single atomic layer. In contrary to graphene it possesses a direct band gap controllable by the number of stacked atomic layers. For those reasons, it is now intensively investigated. Here we demonstrate, that black phosphorus can serve as a broadband saturable absorber and can be used for ultrashort optical pulse generation.The mechanically exfoliated ~300 nm thick layers of black phosphorus were transferred onto the fiber core and under pulsed excitation at 1560 nm wavelength its transmission increases by 4.4%.It was used to generate 272 fs-short pulses at 1550 nm and 739 fs at 1910 nm. The obtained results shows that black phosphorus can be effectively used for ultrashort pulse generation and proves its great potential to future applications.
We report, for the first time to our knowledge, the usage of black phosphorus (BP) as a saturable absorber for the mode locking of a thulium-doped fiber laser. We have experimentally shown that BP exhibits saturable absorption in the 2 μm wavelength range and supports ultrashort pulse generation. The saturable absorber was based on mechanically exfoliated BP deposited on a fiber connector tip. The laser was capable of generating 739 fs pulses centered at 1910 nm. Our results show that BP might be considered as a universal broadband saturable absorber that could successfully compete with graphene or other low-dimension nanomaterials.
In this letter we present for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a harmonically mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser with antimony telluride (Sb2Te3) topological insulator material used as a saturable absorber (SA). The SA was prepared via mechanical exfoliation of the bulk material. The 80 nm thick Sb2Te3 layers transferred onto fiber ferrule entirely cover the fiber core. The Er-doped fiber mode-locked laser based on such SA generated optical pulses was centered at 1558 nm with 1.9 ps duration and a fundamental repetition rate of 3.75 MHz. Increasing the pump power results in stable harmonic mode-locked operation up to the 81st harmonic at 304 MHz repetition frequency. The laser was capable of generating optical solitons with 2.2 ps duration. The number of generated harmonics could be tuned only by changing the pump power injected into the laser cavity.
In this paper, femtosecond pulse generation in an Er-doped fiber laser is reported. The laser is passively mode-locked by an antimony telluride (Sb 2 Te 3 ) topological insulator (TI) saturable absorber (SA) placed on a side-polished fiber. The Sb 2 Te 3 /chitosan suspension used to prepare the SA was obtained via liquid phase exfoliation from bulk Sb 2 Te 3 .Ultra-short 449 fs soliton pulses were generated due to the interaction between the evanescent field propagated in the fiber cladding and the Sb 2 Te 3 layers. The optical spectrum is centered at 1556 nm with 6 nm of full-width at half maximum bandwidth. The presented method benefits from a much better repeatability compared to mechanical exfoliation.
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