Mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser based on liquid phase exfoliated Sb₂Te₃topological insulator

Abstract

In this paper, femtosecond pulse generation in an Er-doped fiber laser is reported. The laser is passively mode-locked by an antimony telluride (Sb 2 Te 3 ) topological insulator (TI) saturable absorber (SA) placed on a side-polished fiber. The Sb 2 Te 3 /chitosan suspension used to prepare the SA was obtained via liquid phase exfoliation from bulk Sb 2 Te 3 .Ultra-short 449 fs soliton pulses were generated due to the interaction between the evanescent field propagated in the fiber cladding and the Sb 2 Te 3 layers. The optical spectrum is centered at 1556 nm with 6 nm of full-width at half maximum bandwidth. The presented method benefits from a much better repeatability compared to mechanical exfoliation.

Towards Antimonene and 2D Antimony Telluride through Electrochemical Exfoliation

“…The Sb exfoliation to obtain antimonene is now in the spotlight because its sheets are expected to present low thermal conductance, semiconducting character and tunable bandgap from 0 to 2.28 eV, which is suitable for optoelectronic applications . Alternatively, 2D Sb 2 Te 3 , which belongs to metal transition trichalcogenides, is an attracting topological insulator with good thermoelectric performance . Some authors have demonstrated the promising potential of Sb 2 Te 3 nanosheets with topological insulator and thermoelectric performance for laser fabrication, thermoelectric and nanoelectronics applications …”

Harmonic Mode-Locked Fiber Laser based on Photonic Crystal Fiber Filled with Topological Insulator Solution

“…At the same time, they have been successfully utilized as SA for the realization of mode-locking [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. TISA could be fabricated by the mechanical exfoliation, the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth, the vapor-liquidsolid growth, chemical exfoliation, the mechanical triturating and the filmy method in polyvinyl alcohol [25,[42][43][44].…”

Dissipative soliton generation in Er-doped fiber laser mode-locked by Sb_2Te_3 topological insulator

“…This property originates from a join of timereversal symmetry and spin-orbit interactions [10]. Among them, three main TIs have been used as a SA: bismuth selenide (Bi 2 Se 3 ) [11,12], bismuth telluride (Bi 2 Te 3 ) [13][14][15][16], and antimony telluride (Sb 2 Te 3 ) [17][18][19][20]. For instance, Sb 2 Te 3 is characterized by a high nonlinear refractive index of 2.606 × 10 −9 m 2 ∕W [21].…”

“…In comparison to graphene, the properties of TIs create a possibility to use a bulk material instead of monoor few-layer, which translates into a more straightforward technological process. Previous contributions were mainly focused on the operation in anomalous dispersion regime, where no dispersion compensation is required [11][12][13][14][15]17,18]. The first demonstration of a dissipative soliton generation with the use of TI was presented by Chi et al at 1.06 μm [16].…”