Associations between reported consumption of animal products and chlorinated hydrocarbon concentrations were examined in 297 elderly people who lived in Germany. Consumption of beef and lamb was correlated positively with hexachlorobenzene (HCB), beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH), total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and total dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) (r = .13-.19, p < .05). Consumption of saltwater fish was correlated positively with alpha-HCH, dieldrin, and PCBs (r = .12-.26, p < .05). Other univariate predictors were body mass index, plasma cholesterol, pork consumption, poultry consumption, and age. Multivariate linear models of predictors of each chlorinated species were constructed, and some form of meat was used as the main predictor; the sum of all meats (exclusive of fish) was the best predictor of dieldrin and In(alpha-HCH) concentrations. Beef and lamb consumption was a positive predictor of HCB, heptachlor epoxide, total DDT, and beta-HCH. Saltwater fish was the major dietary predictor of PCBs.
The demands concerning microbial inhibitor tests were subjected to marked changes during the last decades: It started with the claim of being able to detect contaminated milk which might cause problems during fermentation processes ('technological safety'). Due to the present day attention drawn to toxic and allergic hazards for numerous antimicrobials Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) or safe/tolerance levels are fixed ('toxicological safety'). This means a variety of demands underlying permanent changes with respect to the 'detection pattern' which cannot be fulfilled by a single test. Within an Integrated Detection System microbial inhibitor tests play an important role as screening methods for those antimicrobials which can be detected with satisfactory sensitivities. This paper deals with some features of microbial inhibitor tests such as detection limits, performance susceptibility for interference factors, qualitative determination and standardization.
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