Hydration numbers at infinite dilution derived from ultrasonic data are given for the solutes HCI, HNO,, CH,CO,H, NaOH, KOH, LiOH, (CH,),NBr, (C,H5)4NBr, and NH4Br. The hydration numbers of the acids are lower than expected, whilst those for the tetra-alkylarnmonium salts are large. The values obtained are explained in terms of a disturbance of the water structure by the ions.
TWO types of ultrasonic interferometer have been usedThe apparatus and treatment of results have been reto measure the wavelengths of compressional waves in ported.lY2 aqueous solutions of hydrochloric, nitric, and acetic The compressibility of a solution is always less than acids, lithium, sodium, and potassium hydroxides, and that of the pure solvent, and the decrease has been used tetramethyl-and tetraethyl-ammonium bromides. to determine solvatioii numbers of the ions present .2 Velocitiesof sound, isothermal compressibilities, and adiabatic compressibilities have been calculated from the
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