In this study, the commercial organophosphorus compound Pyrovatex CP New was used as a flame retardant for cotton
fabric. Citric acid and a modified dihydroxy ethylene urea (DHEU) labelled Knittex FFRC were used as crosslinking to
increase the flame-retardant laundering durability of treated cotton fabric. There have been some studies showing that
Chitosan has the potential to improve flame retardancy and laundering durability of flame retardant treated cotton fabric.
Thus, Chitosan, which has the molecular weight of 2.600 (water soluble) and the deacetylation degree of approximately
75%, is added to finishing solution for flame retardant treatment of cotton fabric. The padding-drying-curing method was
used in this study. After treatment, all samples were examined to determine the chemical absorption level. The 45°
flammability test characteristics and LOI value of untreated and treated samples after different number of washing cycle
were determined to assess the flame retardancy of the treated fabric and its laundering durability. In addition, to assess
the impact of this treatment on the mechanical strength and ecology of the fabric, the tensile strength and free
formaldehyde content of the treated fabric were also evaluated
In this study, the flame-retardant treatment for cotton fabric has been done by using the commercial organophosphoruscompounds labelled Pyrovatex CP New (PR). Knittex FFRC (K), a formaldehyde-free crosslinking agent, has been usedto enhance the link between Pyrovatex CP New and Cellulose molecules. The flame-retardant treatment process forcotton fabric has been done by the pad-dry-cure technique. The purpose of the study is to predict the optimal PyrovatexCP New and Knittex FFRC concentrations with the highest fire resistance efficiency, minimum loss for mechanicalproperties and minimum formaldehyde release for the treated fabric. To achieve this goal, the response surfacemethodology (RSM) was used to find the relationship between the controlled experimental factors and the observedresults. The central composite design type face centred (CCF) was applied as experimental design. According to thisexperimental design, 10 experiments were carried out. The chemical uptake rate, vertical flammability characteristics,LOI value, tensile strength and formaldehyde-free content of the untreated and treated samples were determined. Fourresponse models between the reagent concentrations and the add-on amount, LOI value, warp and weft tensile strengthof the treated fabric were obtained by the assistance of software Design-Expert V 10.0.8. The R-squared values of thesemodels were above 80% confirming their significances. The optimal conditions when combining three parameters (LOI,warp tensile strength and weft tensile strength) were selected as 450 g/l Pyrovatex CP New and 107,575 g/l KnittexFFRC with the assistance of Design-Expert software
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