Aim.To analyze the rarity of the clinical case report on spontaneous liquorrhea (SL) posterior cranial fossa (PCF) together with a review of the literature. To determine the features of PCF SL in contrast to anterior and middle cranial fossa (MCF) SL. To identify the optimal diagnostic and treatment tactics in patients with PCF SL. Materials and methods:We present clinical observations of a PCF SL patient and a detailed review of reports on SL with a defect on the posterior border of the petrous temporal bone (PTB). Results:Based on the literature review, 22 cases with a sufficient description were analyzed. PCF SL occurs more commonly in women than in men; middle-aged and elderly patients prevail. The average body mass index (BMI) was 33.3 ± 7, corresponding to a degree I obesity. The number of postoperative complications was quite large; each included recurrent liquorrhea. Conclusion:The data from our experience and a literature review for PCF SL patients are comparable with those of similar studies of SL in the anterior and MCF. Middle-aged and elderly women with excessive BMI are the most vulnerable. In most patients, the defect is located in the lateral regions of the posterior border of the PTB, namely anteriorly, medially from the sigmoid sinus, and below the upper petrosal sinus. A fairly high percentage of postoperative complications is due to insufficient preoperative diagnosis or intraoperative examination of the posterior PTB in patients with combined MCF and PCF defects, causing revision surgery.Clinical significance. If rhinorrhea, otorrhoea, and/or signs of intracranial space integrity loss (pneumocerephaly or latent liquorrhea with recurrent meningitis) are revealed, careful examination of bone structures of the anterior, middle, and also, be sure PCF is required, especially at the intersection with paranasal sinuses (frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoid) and mastoid air cells and PTB.
Aim: The most effective method of treatment for patients with severe hearing loss is cochlear implantation (CI), in which various non-standard surgical situations can occur, as well as early or late complications. Purpose: to conduct an analysis of complications and non-standard surgical situations during CI and develop recommendations for their avoidance. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of 138 disease histories of adults (7) and children (131) with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and deafness, who underwent CI between 2006 and 2021, was conducted. Medel (112) and Neurelec (26) implants were installed. Results: After CI surgery, there were 9 patients with "minor" complications who were successfully treated with traditional methods. Also, 4 cases of "major" complications were noted: in a 4-year-old child, the failure of the device was observed due to trauma and damage to the reference electrode, in three cases, obliteration of the cochlea progressed in patients after meningitis, which led to hearing impairment. Complications during the operation occurred in 3 patients who had concomitant pathology (previous meningitis, chronic otitis). Conclusions: Cochlear implantation is generally a safe and effective treatment for severe hearing loss, but there are potential complications that both doctors and patients should be aware of. These complications can occur during surgery or in the postoperative period and manifest themselves from minor changes, such as separation of sutures, tinnitus, dizziness, to more serious problems - failure of the device, obliteration of the cochlea, or even damage to the facial nerve. To reduce the likelihood of complications, it is necessary to strictly follow the existing protocols of preoperative examination of the patient, especially in patients with concomitant pathology.
Topicality: Chronic purulent otitis media is a disease that is often encountered in everyday practice by otolaryngologists. To date, the full rehabilitation of the middle ear in pediatric practice has caused much debate about the method of surgery and remains a difficult surgical task. Aim: to develop a more effective combined method of endoscopic microsurgery in children with chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma. Materials and methods: examined 52 children aged from 2 to 12 years, operated on a closed variant of tympanoplasty for cholesteatoma otitis. Patients were divided into 2 groups: 1st group (comparison), which used the standard technique of closed variant of surgery with retroauricular incision using an operating microscope (33 patients); and the 2nd group (main), where the combined surgery with retroauricular incision with the using of a microscope and endoscope and endoaural drainage of the antrum was performed in 19 patients. Results: We conducted an analysis of different types of tympanoplasty in a closed variant of tympanoplasty in children with cholesteatoma otitis and endoaural drainage of the antrum or without it. In the main group, the number of secondary engraftment of the neotympanic membrane decreased 3.4 times, residual perforations – 2.9 times, residual cholesteatoma – 2.9 times, the number of repeated operations – 3.5 times relative to the comparison group. Conclusion: At the combined surgery of cholesteatoma otitis with endoscopic support at patients of the main group the percent of residual cholesteatoma is lower. The endoaural drainage of the antrum provides additional ventilation and drainage of the reconstructed cavities of a middle ear in the early postoperative period, increases the number of primary engraftment of the neotympanic membrane and reduces the percentage of residual perforations.
Introduction: COVID-19 disease can lead to serious complications of the ENT organs. Among them are the developments of aseptic thrombosis of the arteries of the ENT organs and face, as well as auditory dysfunction. Purpose: to investigate changes in auditory function and blood supply to the ENT organs of patients which underwent coronavirus COVID-19. Materials and methods: examination and treatment of patients with complications of coronavirus infection: facial soft tissue thrombosis (2) and auditory dysfunction (38). The results obtained: Coronavirus infection in two patients resulted in thrombosis of the soft branches of the internal and external carotid arteries with the development of necrosis of the mucous membrane of the lateral wall of the nose, nasal sinuses, septum and palate, which required surgical treatment. Acute sensorineural hearing loss with an increase in thresholds of sound perception to 40 dB was observed in 23 (60.5%) patients, and most of them (19 people) suffered from severe coronavirus infection and received comprehensive treatment (hormones, anticoagulants, etc.). Hearing loss with an increase in the threshold of sound perception to 40-60 dB was determined in 15 (39.5%) patients, of whom only 5 underwent severe COVID-19. Conclusions: Patients who have undergone a coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus may develop otolaryngological complications in the form of auditory dysfunction or arterial thrombosis. More severe bilateral damage to the auditory analyzer occurs in patients who underwent mild COVID-19 and did not receive anti-inflammatory therapy. The use of glucocorticoids and anticoagulants for the treatment of coronavirus infection on time prevents the development of complications from the auditory analyzer and blood coagulation system.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.