AUTHORSVolodymyr Ponomarenko Oleh Kolodiziev http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6715-2901 Iryna Chmutova ARTICLE INFOVolodymyr Ponomarenko, Oleh Kolodiziev and Iryna Chmutova (2017). Benchmarking of bank performance using the life cycle concept and the DEA approach. Banks and Bank Systems, 12(3), 74-86. doi:10.21511/bbs.12(3) AbstractDespite the widespread use of benchmarking as an effective tool for improving the efficiency of the bank's functioning, its implementation does not take into account the relation between comparable performance indicators, the choice of benchmark for comparison, deviations of indicators from target values with stages of the bank's life cycle, which cause differences in the intensity and characteristics of development of financial institutions. The procedure for identifying a reference bank for comparison is also insufficiently specified, which is important in terms of adapting its experience by the recipient bank due to the possible fundamental differences in their functioning. Therefore, the article has modified the technology of benchmarking of the bank's performance based on the life cycle concept and the DEA approach.The research is based on the use of the DEA method to determine the most efficient bank as a reference bank in benchmarking comparison; canonical analysis -for the formation of a list of indicators of bank performance; cluster analysis -to substantiate the levels of deviations of the actual values of comparable indicators from the target ones.
The article is devoted to an ambiguous and problematic issue related to Ukrainian- Basque linguistic ties. By lexical parallels (they can also be called conditional isoglosses) the author of this study means hypothetical borrowings-internationalisms (Europeanisms), presumably of Basque origin. Examples of basquisms in the Ukrainian language (багнет, більярд, анчоус, i.e. ʽbayonet, billiard, anchovy’) have been given by K. Tyshchenko, well known Ukrainian scientist. Ukr. багнет (from the name of the city of Bayonne in France), traditionally explained as a borrowing of French origin from the Polish language; that of Fr. Bayonne is compared to Basque Baiona; anyhow, there is no generally accepted opinion; according to one of the hypotheses, the latter may come from Basq. bai una / bai ona. Ukr. більярд is derived from Fr. billard, however, Pop. Lat. *bīlia is obviously of Gaulish origin; Basq. billar is similar in form to Sp. billar, which is interpreted as an ancient borrowing from French. There are certain grounds for associating the Basque etymon with Ukr. анчоус, borrowed from Dutch or German, the corresponding names of which come from Fr. anchois, which comes down, like Sp. anchoa, to Basq. anchu. It is worth mentioning Ukr. кролик (ʽrabbit’), which is considered to be a Latinism borrowed from Polish; at the same time, foreign lexicographers assume that Lat. cuniculus is of Mediterranean-Iberian (pre-Romance) origin and it is compared to Basq. untxi. Besides, let’s mention Ukr. силует, which is a generally accepted loanword from French, but the surname Silhouette is a modified Basq. Zilueta. So, for now, we can talk about separate and generally hypothetical Ukrainian-Basque etymological isoglosses. Оne of them includes Ukr. чемерка, interpreted as a word of Arabic origin, borrowed from Polish; the origin of Pol. czamar(k)a is defined as «oriental»; at the same time Sp. zamarra is interpreted as a possible loanword from Basque. Finally, we can consider Ukr. джинго ʽjingo’ as a historical Basquism. The raised issues are a promising topic for further studies.
У доповіді представлено шляхи вдосконалення системи державного замовлення на підготовку здобувачів вищої освіти, зокрема у сфері природничих наук і математики. Доведено, що за результатами показників успішності учнів з математики та природничих дисциплін у міжнародних програмах TIMSS і PISA, постала необхідність запровадження додаткових заходів у системі зарахування балів на основі ЗНО та загальнодержавному конкурсі зокрема, а також для забезпечення стратегічних потреб держави в цілому. Висвітлено створення об’єктивних умов, які сприятимуть максимальному використанню природних здібностей учнів старших класів середньої школи та їх батьків. Представлено нові підходи для розподілення державного замовлення, а також наведено фінансову, організаційну та функціональну їх реалізацію. Обґрунтовано потребу фахівців у сфері фундаментальних наук та запропоновано шляхи мотивації для залучення кращих абітурієнтів на спеціальності, що забезпечують стратегічні потреби держави.
The article deals with the multifaceted nature of the problem of testing, theoretical and methodological issues of control of students’educational activities in higher education as a place and essence of testing in the general monitoring system, as well as the definition of different kinds of testing in foreign language teaching process, and basic requirements for testing. This article considers a test system for assessing students' knowledge of the credit module system as well as the study of necessity of module online testing as a type of controlling educational and cognitive activities of students in foreign language teaching. The process of research testing from the standpoint of optimizing the quality control of the educational process in the university determines the importance of solving such issues as establishing the place and importance of testing in the general control system, determining the types of testing in foreign language teaching, disclosing basic testing requirements. The general provisions on test control are given, as well as the types and methods of constructing tasks and the ability to assess the level of knowledge, skills and abilities, the level of social and personal value of the acquired knowledge. The methodical approaches and experience of designing standardized tests for computer testing of professional competence of future specialists are covered. The classification of types of tests which provides their testing, selective use or active use according to a profile, possibilities and the purposes of training of a foreign language in each separately taken non-language highereducation establishments is considered. The problematic issues related to the assessment of students' knowledge in learning a foreign language are considered. The expediency of using a test form to control of students’current performance is analyzed. The method of module control, which is based on the application of test technology, is presented. The article analyzes scientists’views on the use of a rating system for assessing the students’academic progress. The expediency of using testing (during the current control of knowledge) and module tests with tasks of different levels of complexity (during the periodic control of knowledge) as effective methods of assessing students’ achievements; it is provided practical recommendations for their preparation and application. There have been developed tools for quality control of education that requires a further study of the theory and methodology of module tests.
En el presente artículo se trata de analizar, interpretar y calificar, desde el punto de vista histórico (incluso hasta ciertos puntos etimológico en determinados casos, ya que muchos etnónimos eslavos, al igual que los que son romances o germánicos etc., tienen otra procedencia), semántico, estilístico, funcional y sociolingüístico, ciertos nombres y frases hechas, derivados y fraseologismos etnonímicos de diferente origen, literarios y coloquiales, en español (en concepto de tertium comparationis), ucraniano y otros idiomas (eslavos, germánicos, romances), bien como gentilicios de índole expresiva, en particular apodos, denominaciones despectivas y etnofolismos, que reflejan, por medio de sus características linguales (origen, formación etc.) y extralinguales (percepción a nivel psicológico), toda una serie de rasgos etnoculturales y, en resumidas cuentas, los llamados estereotipos nacionales o étnicos. Los significados secundarios (principalmente metonímicos) de muchos gentilicios son muestras ilustrativas de deonimización. Existe también un gran número de denominaciones coloquiales y unidades fraseológicas con componentes etnonímicos que se refieren a ciertas particularidades de la mentalidad étnica (estrechamente relacionada con el llamado cuadro lingüístico del mundo) y se manifiestan de modo especialmente significativo en la comparación de material de varias y diferentes lenguas que sirve de método técnicamente esencial para este estudio. La comparación referida demuestra también varias consecuencias de contactos entre lenguas, históricos y modernos, que se ven considerablemente intensificados en la actualidad. Palabras clave: etnónimos, método comparativo, fraseología, nominación secundaria, estereotipos étnicos.
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