An actinomycete, designated strain GIMV4.0001 T , was isolated from a forest soil sample in Vietnam. It produced white aerial mycelium and violet-blue diffusible pigment on Gause's synthetic agar. The substrate mycelium colour was not sensitive to pH. Micoscopic observations revealed that strain GIMV4.0001 T produced long, straight chains of cylindrical spores, and chemotaxonomic data confirmed that it belongs to the genus Streptomyces. Melanin was produced, but no antibacterial activity was evident against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans or Penicillium citrinum. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain GIMV4.0001 T revealed that the highest similarity (99.4 %) was to Streptomyces bikiniensis ATCC 11062 T . However, the DNA-DNA relatedness between strain GIMV4.0001 T and S. bikiniensis ATCC 11062 T was found to be 50.3 %. Strain GIMV4.0001 T could also be differentiated from S. bikiniensis ATCC 11062 T and other Streptomyces species showing high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (98-99 %) based on morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. On the basis of its physiological and molecular properties, it is evident that strain GIMV4.0001 T represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces vietnamensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GIMV4.0001 T (5CCTCC M 205143 T 5IAM 15340 T ).
The chemistry of the binding of 14C-benzylpenicillin to sporulating cultures of Bacillus megaterium and B. subtilis is similar to that in a 4-hr vegetative culture of Staphylococcus aureus. Unlabeled penicillins prevent the binding of 14C-benzylpenicillin, but benzylpenicilloic acid and benzylpenilloic acid do not. Bound antibiotic can be removed from cells with neutral hydroxylamine at 25 C. Sporulating cultures display two intervals of enhanced binding, whereas binding to stationaryphase S. aureus cells remains constant. The first period of increased binding activity occurs during formation of the spore septum or cell wall primordium development, and the second coincides with cortex biosynthesis.
Quality of life (QOL) of adolescents has been scarcely documented in a general population sample. The study was aimed at translating and adapting the Adolescent Duke Health Profile to Vietnamese, validating the questionnaire, determining reference value, and identifying determinants of poor QOL.Following a cross‐cultural methodology, the Adolescent Duke Health Profile (ADHP) had content adapted to Vietnamese by alteration of 2 out of 17 items. Test–retest validity was checked in 408 adolescents. Construct validity and internal consistency were assessed in a 1408 probability sample of adolescents in Vietnam, and determinants were analysed by multiple linear regression.The ADHP showed satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's α=0.87–0.92) and satisfactory construct validity in relation with drug abuse or not, or with parent situation living in couple or alone. Test–retest reliability was acceptable (ICC=0.7–0.8) and major determinants were age, sex, education, chronic disease, alcohol and drug use.This works provide a validated, simple health related QOL scale suited to adolescent population with reference values. Taking into account determinants identified will help program prevention and intervention health policy and to evaluate the effect of these actions.
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