Streptomyces vietnamensis sp. nov., a streptomycete with violet–blue diffusible pigment isolated from soil in Vietnam

Abstract

An actinomycete, designated strain GIMV4.0001 T , was isolated from a forest soil sample in Vietnam. It produced white aerial mycelium and violet-blue diffusible pigment on Gause's synthetic agar. The substrate mycelium colour was not sensitive to pH. Micoscopic observations revealed that strain GIMV4.0001 T produced long, straight chains of cylindrical spores, and chemotaxonomic data confirmed that it belongs to the genus Streptomyces. Melanin was produced, but no antibacterial activity was evident against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans or Penicillium citrinum. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain GIMV4.0001 T revealed that the highest similarity (99.4 %) was to Streptomyces bikiniensis ATCC 11062 T . However, the DNA-DNA relatedness between strain GIMV4.0001 T and S. bikiniensis ATCC 11062 T was found to be 50.3 %. Strain GIMV4.0001 T could also be differentiated from S. bikiniensis ATCC 11062 T and other Streptomyces species showing high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (98-99 %) based on morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. On the basis of its physiological and molecular properties, it is evident that strain GIMV4.0001 T represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces vietnamensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GIMV4.0001 T (5CCTCC M 205143 T 5IAM 15340 T ).

Characterization of actinobacteria from the semiarid region, and their antagonistic effect on strains of rhizobia

“…This pigment is synthesized by fermentative oxidation, and has properties that can protect microorganisms against gamma and ultraviolet radiation (Amal et al, 2011;Manivasagan et al, 2013;Ahmed et al, 2014); this mechanism is against environmental stresses (Zhu et al, 2007;Manivasagan et al, 2013). However in our work, this mechanism was only used by some isolated actinobacteria from litter leaf (AC 3 and AC10), perhaps due to direct exposure to sunlight.…”

Granaticins and their biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces vietnamensis: evidence of horizontal gene transfer

“…In our current study, the gra cluster from S. vietnamensis was clearly shown to share a very recent ancestor with that of S. violaceoruber. However, the morphological and physiological traits of these two strains differed conspicuously (Zhu et al 2007). A homology rate of 96.5% of 16S rDNA between the two species (GenBank accession number: DQ311081 and AB184174) also exposed their relatively distant evolutionary relationship with respect to the fact that many distinct Streptomyces species had nearly identical 16S rDNA sequences.…”

“…Streptomyces vietnamensis is a newly designated streptomycete species, isolated from tropical forest soil, that produces a diffusible violet-blue pigment on a variety of media, including Gauze's synthetic medium (Zhu et al 2007). This strain was later found to produce antibiotic and anti-cancer compounds, of which two compounds, B1 and B2, were the main contributors to the bioactivities as revealed by thin layer chromatography (TLC)-bioautography (Deng et al 2010).…”

Fungal and Bacterial Pigments: Secondary Metabolites with Wide Applications

“…However, compared with fungal pigments, most of bacterial pigments are still at the research and development stage ( Table 2 ); hence, work on bacterial pigments production should be intensified to make them available on the market. Pigment producing bacteria are ubiquitous and present in various ecological niches, such as soil (Zhu et al, 2007), rhizospheric soil (Peix et al, 2005), desert sand (Liu et al, 2009), fresh water (Asker et al, 2008), and marine samples (Franks et al, 2005). They were reported in low (Nakamura et al, 2003) and high (Manachini et al, 1985) temperature regions, can persist in salt regions (Asker and Ohta, 1999), and even as endophytes (Deng et al, 2011).…”