In the production of starch products from corn grain, a number of valuable byproducts are obtained, the bulk of which are pulp, corn extract, crushed corn grain and oilcake. By-products of starch production in the feeding rations of farm animals are mainly used as separate components, which reduces the effectiveness of their use. It is most advisable to feed them in the form of a dry mixture as concentrated corn feed, which is proposed to be cooked in a spiral mixer. The design and technological scheme of the mixer should include a framework with a spiral installed in it, one end of which is fixed to the eccentric of the leading pin and the other to the driven pin of the feed change mechanism with the possibility of horizontal movement. To justify the design and technological parameters and rational operating modes of the mixer, theoretical, laboratory and production tests were performed, their results are presented. Based on the data obtained, the parameters and operating modes of the spiral mixer are substantiated. As a result of production tests, the developed mixer, used in the processing lines for the preparation of crumbly and granular feed, confirmed its operability
In processing lines for the manufacturing of concentrated feed for farm animals, there is often an issue of operations coordination of machines according to their performance. Particularly, when delivering feed components to the mixer, it is essential to consider the performance of the dispenser distributing each of them. The productivity of the dispenser has to be no higher than the productivity of the mixer. In given article we have provided an example of calculating the theoretical performance of a gravity dispenser in a truncated cone-shaped hopper with dampers in the lower part. Calculations let us conclude that the main element affecting the productivity of the dispenser is the radius of the hopper outlet, since it is included in the formula in the second degree.
Industrial mixers of solid bulk or powder components have been widely used in food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, chemical, and many other industrial branches. Industrial mixers are designed for homogeneous mixing of dry ingredients: fodder, groats, bio supplement, fertilizers, flour, spices, etc. The general principle for all types of dry mixing is to take the product that is being mixed from one area and transfer it to another area. This procedure is repeated many times, and in the process of additional edge mixing of the zones, it leads to the distribution of the components in each other. When preparing a dry mixture, it is advisable to use spiral mixers that provide high mixing quality, low energy consumption, and high productivity. The article presents a spiral mixer for the industrial production of dry mixes, in the body of which two concentrically arranged helical spirals are placed along its length. In this case, the inner spiral has the ability, in addition to the rotational movement, to perform the axial reciprocating movement. The results of theoretical studies on the determination of the throughput capacity and the influence of the parameters of the internal spiral on the performance of the dry mix mixer being developed are presented.
The use of condensed extract in the production of corn feed contributes to the improvement of their nutritional and biological value. The rheological properties of the feed material are of great importance in the mechanical interaction with the working bodies of the machines, in the movement of viscous media along technological conveyors, as well as in the intensification of heat exchange processes. The technique, laboratory equipment and the results of studies of physical and mechanical characteristics of corn feed are presented. The viscosity properties of the corn extract are investigated depending on the temperature. It is shown that when decreasing the temperature, the viscosity of the corn extract increases due to the aggregation of its components, which characterizes the non-Newtonian flow of the extract. The coefficient of external friction of the pulp and extract mixture in the technology of preparing corn feed allows calculating the geometry of the storage tanks and energy costs of the processes. The change in the coefficients of friction of corn feed when interacting with various surfaces, depending on the content of dry substances. The specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of the extract and corn feed were determined and investigated. It has been revealed that the dependences of the thermo-physical parameters of the extract and corn feed on the solids content are non-linear in nature, monotonously decreasing when increasing the concentration of solids.
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