The research objective is the identification of dynamics and a ratio between figurative and rational ways of representation of a visual material in the example of didactic illustrations in the Russian textbooks on geography (1825-2013). As an example, the concept "image of Australia" as not adjoining to Russia, the far country-continent is used. A map as a visual representation of a territory is important for understanding the symbolic depiction highlighting relationships between elements of that space such as regions, economic structures, activity of the population and the condition of natural resources. Authors of textbooks, using schemes and numerous charts, expand limits of the symbolical image of information.
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the organization of the educational process in Russian universities. The object of the research is the experience of implementing e-education and the transition to distance technologies for continuing education of Chinese undergraduates in the Russian metropolitan university. Russian universities had the technical capabilities and used various electronic educational platforms. In the same time, the results of the survey showed a decrease in the satisfaction of Chinese full-time students when switching to distance learning. The study shows the significant factors that had a negative impact on the educational process using distance technology to teach Chinese undergraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors have grouped these factors into five groups (technical, language, emotional, and financial, content of lecture). Identification of these factors made it possible to develop a program to improve the educational process and enhance the satisfaction of foreign students studying at Russian universities.
The article analyzes the transformation of the methodological toolkit for teaching humanities and sciences in the Russian Federation. The method of case study, being widely spread in modern higher education research, is used as an example to illustrate the attempts to implement the best practices of foreign educational technology into tertiary academic process in Russia. The authors provide some historical aspects of introducing case studies in modern teaching practice. The article features peculiarities of the Soviet approach to the structure of cases. Content analysis helps to identify similarities and differences in Soviet/post-Soviet approaches to case study construction and brings into focus the problem points which reveal misinterpretation and/or misuse of didactic materials designated as cases. The approach suggested in the article implies presenting the content of a case study as a collection of documents related to a certain topic. The case study "Istanbul in the life and work of the artist Martiros Saryan" demonstrates that a case can have invariable and variable parts to reflect the specificity of the didactic task within the discipline. Such approach is expected to support students' cognitive activity, develop creativity in searching additional sources and missing materials, improve efficiency of students' autonomous work on solving complex problem solution.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the history of the formation of agricultural education in Russia. On the basis of the analysis of historical data, documents on creation of educational institutions and statistical data dynamics of emergence of new agricultural lowest schools, secondary schools, academies and institutes is established. It is shown that the first agricultural institutions were established in the 18th century with the participation of the great Russian scientist M. Lomonosov with the support of the Emperor. The first agricultural schools used foreign experience. A total of three agricultural schools were established. However, in the future there was a transition to training without the participation of foreigners. An analysis of the development of the education system in the 19th century found that the institutional structure changed significantly towards the emergence of institutions and academies. Model farms, model estates and new training areas have appeared personnel for horticulture, agronomists, beekeepers, horse breeders, etc. Private initiatives have facilitated the opening of new specialties. The state opened new specialized academies and faculties in polytechnic institutes. It is shown that traditions of improving the institutional system of training of personnel persist in modernRussia.
The article analyzes the state and level of theoretical elaboration of the issues of pedagogy of the postmodern era in the Russian scientific literature. Based on the analysis of the content of publications posted in the Russian leading bibliographic resource - bibliographic database of scientific publications “The Russian Science Citation Index» – the ratio of publications devoted to the problems of postmodernism in non-pedagogical and pedagogical discourse is revealed. There are established the main clusters, which include publications on general problems of postmodern pedagogy, problems of meta-postmodern pedagogy and anti-pedagogy. The interpretive approach allows us to prove that in Russian pedagogy, critical and analytical consideration of foreign pedagogical arrays dominates. At the same time, there are first attempts to determine the author's position on the creation of Russian postmodern pedagogy, which at present is not completely methodologically entrusted. The arguments used by the authors to substantiate postmodern pedagogy are very exotic and fully correspond to the principle “Anything goes”, which is a methodologically regulating postmodern pedagogy.
Аннотация. статья посвящена районированию территории Ростовской области по типам природопользования и выделению районов с определенными и взаимосвязанными между собой видами хозяйственной деятельности, характером воздействия на окружающую среду, экологической ситуацией и соответствующими проблемами. Ключевые слова: экологическая ситуация, антропогенная нагрузка, типы природопользования, районирование Ростовской области по условиям природопользования.
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