Over 380 host plant species have been known to develop leaf spots as a result of the fungus Alternaria alternata. It is an aspiring pathogen that affects a variety of hosts and causes rots, blights, and leaf spots on different plant sections. In this investigation, the lipopeptides from the B. subtilis strains T3, T4, T5, and T6 were evaluated for their antifungal activities. In the genomic DNA, iturin, surfactin, and fengycin genes were found recovered from B. subtilis bacterium by PCR amplification. From different B. subtilis strains, antifungal Lipopeptides were extracted, identified by HPLC, and quantified with values for T3 (24 g/ml), T4 (32 g/ml), T5 (28 g/ml), and T6 (18 g/ml). To test the antifungal activity, the isolated lipopeptides from the B. subtilis T3, T4, T5, and T6 strains were applied to Alternaria alternata at a concentration of 10 g/ml. Lipopeptides were found to suppress Alternaria alternata at rates of T3 (75.14%), T4 (75.93%), T5 (80.40%), and T6 (85.88%). The T6 strain outperformed the other three by having the highest antifungal activity against Alternaria alternata (85.88%).
The mixture of fruits pulp containing low sugar and thus sugar level was adjust from 25 oBrix by using sugar solution. The pH level of mixture was adjusted at 4. The juice was yeast by Saccharomyces cerevisiae with 1%. The Specific gravity of mixed fruit wine showed an increasing trend for all the treatments with fermentation period up to 0, 10, 20 and 30 days. The TSS largely affects the various physic-chemical parameters of fermented wine. Sugar is the main substrate for fermentation of fruits juice into alcohol. The specific gravity of the wine was found to be decreased with increase in sugar percent. The highest value of alcohol content was found 17.43% (v/v) in T6 sample after last day of fermentation period with 1% of yeast concentration. It has been observed that the sample show the high alcoholic wine.
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