This paper presents, as a case study, a descriptive critique of the system of liner Ro-Ro services, sailing between some Turkish ports and the Italian port of Trieste. These Ro-Ro services were started in 1987, and have developed rapidly since 1992. In that year, the no-pro® t Turkish International Transport Association (UND) decided to independently manage a number of Ro-Ro vessels on that route. The increasing success of the service (from circa 25 000 lorries in 1993, to almost 86 000 in 1998) has caused the UND shipping companies to broaden their services, introducing new vessels and improving the organization. The UND shipping companies aim to manage the¯eet in the unbiased interests of all the haulage companies, maintaining rigid neutrality towards each one of the road hauliers. Outlining in detail a single subject for the case study is considered of general interest, since this system of maritime supply displays such singular and innovative elements (e.g. the capital coming from the road transport sector itself, transferring of lorry-drivers by plane, using of railway services) as to make it unique, at least in the European and Mediterranean shipping arena.

Logistics networks, Intermodal transport, Russia, R4, L9,

innovation, regional development, human capital, O31,

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This article describes the different taxation systems regarding the entry of commercial ships into the ports of the North-Adriatic countries (namely Italy, Slovenia, Croatia). The taxes taken into consideration are largely known as light dues (or occasionally anchorage dues) and are based on the vessel, irrespective of the cargo discharged at the port and of any actual provision of "specific services". In the above-mentioned countries, such taxes are based on different definitions and calculation models, in some instances taking the form of light dues, and are a clearly identifiable component (and, therefore, at least partly comparable) of the overall port-use costs charged to business operators. The geographical setting of the North Adriatic includes an international port range (mainly the ports of Trieste, Koper and Rijeka) competing in a partially overlapping hinterland, although differently. The drafting of an updated review of the tax component has become an interesting way to contribute, although through the analysis of a very specific and partial element, to the overarching research on competition in the North Adriatic ports and the role played by the diversity of political, legal as well as economic systems in an area which, in recent years, has on the whole recorded good traffic dynamics, as is to be expected from the hinterlands of Central and Eastern Europe. Sažetak Ovaj članak opisuje različite sustave naknadâ koji se tiču ulaska trgovačkih brodova u luke sjevernojadranskih zemalja (poimence Italije, Slovenije i Hrvatske). Naknade koje se uzimaju u obzir općenito su poznate kao naknada za upotrebu objekata sigurnosti plovidbe (ili pristojbe sidrenja) i temelje se na brodu bez obzira na teret koji se iskrcava u luci i bilo kakvo pružanje specifičnih usluga. U gore spomenutim zemljama, takve pristojbe temeljene su na različitim definicijskim i kalkulacijskim načinima, u nekim slučajevima uzimaju oblik lučkih pristojbi i jasne su identifikacijske komponente (i stoga barem djelomično usporedive) o kompletnim troškovima u luci koje ubiru poslovni subjekti. Geografsko okruženje sjevernoga Jadrana uključuje međunarodne luke Trst, Koper i Rijeka, koje se natječu za djelomično preklapajuće zaleđe, iako na različite načine. Sastavljanje ažuriranoga pregleda komponenti naknada postalo je zanimljiv način prinosa, iako analizom vrlo posebnoga i djelomičnoga elementa tog sveobuhvatnog istraživanja natjecanja među sjevernojadranskim lukama i uloge koja se odigrava zbog različitosti političkoga, zakonskoga, kao i ekonomskoga sustava u području koje u današnje vrijeme bilježi dobru dinamiku prometa, kao što zaleđe Središnje i Istočne Europe očekuje da će biti. KEY WORDS light dues Northern Adriatic ports comparison factor of competition KLJUČNE RIJEČI pristojbe za korištenje plovnih puteva sjevernojadranske luke usporedba čimbenik natjecanja

No abstract