An experiment was conducted with fourteen ajwain genotypes at the Department of Plantation, Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic Crops, College of Horticulture, GKVK, Bengaluru, from October 2019 to April 2020 to document insect pest spectrum infesting ajwain. Out of the four insect pests recorded to invade ajwain, three are new pest records on ajwain except aphids. Only the aphid could differentiate the ajwain genotypes and rest three failed to do so due low pest pressure. Irrespective of genotypes, the mean pest population was 2.23 defoliators per plant (Thysanoplusia orichalcea and Archips sp. together), 4.98 per cent stem fly infestation which caused 1.73 per cent plant mortality per 3.8 m 2 plot and 61.85 aphids per 5 cm apical shoot. Aphid population was significantly least on genotype, Lam Sel-1 (43.37) and AA-2 (51.43) and was maximum on DAC-8 (71.90) which indicates scope for exploring the variability for aphid in crop improvement programme.
Jasmine being cultivated throughout India, its production/ largest area is concentrated in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka states. India stands next to Egypt and Morocco in Jasmine Concrete Production with >15 tons per annum. Modern Knowledge has accepted Jasmine as Persian origin, distribution pattern of 72 Jasminum spp. across India suggests, India may be the primary home which has its mention in the 500 BC Tamil literature and 7th to 3rd BCE Ramaynam mythological literature. In Karnataka, a number of Jasminum spp. are being cultivated throughout the state of which Mysuru Mallige, Udupi Mallige and Hadagali Mallige are being unique and are largely concentrated in the respective and adjoining districts. Government of India has registered these three jasmine cultivars with Geographical Indication tag under the Intellectual Property Rights. Though the demand for these GI crops is on increase, the area and production is declining slowly. Here is an attempt to compile the updated knowledge on genetic resources of Jasminum spp. with focus on the heritage crop of Mysuru- ‘Mysuru Mallige’.
A field study was implemented on performance of advanced potato hybrids for three consecutive years from 2015 to 2017 during Kharif season at HREC, Hassan, Karnataka under AICRP-Potato. A total of eight hybrids were evaluated by adopting RCBD with four replications. The tubers were planted at 60 cm x 20 cm spacing with soil application of RDF (75:75:100 kg NPK/ha) and FYM (25 t/ha) as per the package of practices of UHS, Bagalkot. The hybrids such as AICRP-P-15, AICRP-P-16, AICRP-P-17, AICRP-P-18 AICRP-C-13, AICRP-C-17, AICRP-C-20 and AICRP-C-24 were adopted for evaluation studies. All hybrids were tested for marketable and total tuber yield during harvest at 75 and 90 days after planting. The pooled data of three years indicated that, hybrid AICRP-P-16 documented highest marketable tuber yield of 15.57 and 20.78 t/ha, total tuber yield of 18.18 and 24.42 t/ha at 75 and 90 DAP, which was on par with AICRP-C-24 (15.01 & 17.76 t/ha) of marketable tuber yield and (17.27& 20.02 t/ha) of total tuber yield at 75 and 90 DAP, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that hybrid AICRP-P-16 was high yielding and found suitable for cultivation in Southern Dry Zone of Karnataka during Kharif season.
The improvement of jackfruit is required to make it amenable for intensive cultivation and make it suitable for a variety of value-added products. There is a significant variation for various traits such as plant phenology, leaf shape, leaf size, fruit shape, fruit size, number of fruits per plant, flake colour, number of flakes per fruit etc. The jackfruit crop has long juvenility, high clonal heterozygosity, recalcitrant type of seeds make it difficult to improvement of jackfruit varieties or hybrids, but on the other hand ease of vegetative propagation of hybrids or varieties is advantageous for the jackfruit breeder. The development of jackfruit is again based on the selection of clones especially for small-sized quality fruits, dwarf, less gum type, disease and pest resistance etc. The detailed knowledge on phenology, inheritance pattern and advanced techniques for hybrid/variety development will be useful to overcome the problems of jackfruit breeding viz fruit size, gummier fruits, susceptibility to disease and pests etc. The development of genetic markers has further reduced the uncertainty in the breeding of jackfruit and maintains the hybrid/varietal populations with desirable characteristics.
The research on Nutrient Management for yield maximization in Cashew was conducted under Crop management, All India Co-ordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Cashew at Horticulture Research and Extension Centre, Hogalagere, Kolar district, Karnataka state, India during the period of 2020–21. There were six treatments imposed in the experiment, among the treatments, treatment-5 (T5) i.e ., cashew trees imposed with 100% RDF (500:250:250 g)+10 kg FYM along with foliar spray of major nutrients (3% Urea+0.5% MAP+1% K2SO4), secondary and micronutrients (0.5% ZnSo4+0.1% solubor as boron+0.5% MgSo4) was found significantly superior over remaining treatments in terms of growth parameters like Stem girth (17.91 cm), Canopy height (2.66 m), Canopy spread (E-W : 7.08 m except T4 and N-S : 7.12 m), Mean canopy diameter (7.10 m), Canopy surface area (158.55 m2 ) and ground area covered by plant canopy (61.99%). Whereas, T5 was also recorded significantly superior over other treatments and followed similar trend as in growth attributing parameters, such as Nut yield per tree (14.50 kg), Yield per hectare ( 18.87 q), Cumulative nut yield for six years of harvest (56.82 kg) and Cumulative yield per hectare (88.64 q). However the treatment-5 was also numerically elevated higher values in remaining all parameters and the lowest observation values were found in T6 (control). When look at the overall performance, treatment-5 (T5) was found to be best treatment.
An estimation studies on post harvest losses in potato was surveyed at different potato growing areas of Hassan district during Kharif season for three consecutive years from 2015 to 2017. At main field of potato both losses due to left over produce from randomly selected three farmers plots and losses from storage heap during marketing of potato of same plots were documented on yield parameters such as total tuber yield, late blight diseased tubers, cut or cracked tubers and bruised tubers. The pooled data of three years indicated that, an average losses due to left over produce in different farmer field was about 13.83 per cent of late blight diseased tubers, 15.69 per cent of cut or cracked tubers and 4.60 per cent of bruised tubers. Further, an average losses at storage heap was around 1.83 per cent of diseased tubers, 0.98 per cent of cut or cracked tubers and 0.48 per cent of bruised tubers in short period of storage of 15 to 20 days at farm. From the studies, it was found that both losses due to left over produce in different plots of farmers and losses from storage heap contributed nearly 35.00 per cent post harvest losses in potato under Southern Dry Zone of Karnataka during Kharif season.
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