The spatially explicit assessment of land use and land-use change patterns can identify critical areas and provide insights to improve land management policies and associated decisions. This study mapped the land uses and land-use changes in Lithuanian municipalities since 1971. Additionally, an analysis was conducted of three shorter periods, corresponding to major national land-use policy epochs. Data on land uses, available from the Lithuanian National Forest Inventory (NFI) and collected on an annual basis with the primary objective of conducting greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting and reporting for the land use, land-use change, and forestry (LULUCF) sectors, were explored. The overall trend in Lithuania during the last five decades has been an increase in the area of forest and built-up land and decrease in the area of producing land, meadow/pasture, wetlands, and other land uses. Nevertheless, the development trends for the proportions of producing land and meadow/pasture changed trajectories several times, and the breakpoints were linked with important dates in Lithuanian history and associated with the reorganization of land management and land-use relations. Global Moran’s I statistic and Anselin Local Moran’s I were used to check for global and local patterns in the distribution of land use in Lithuanian municipalities. The proportions of producing land and pasture/meadow remained spatially autocorrelated during the whole period analysed. Local spatial clusters and outliers were identified for all land-use types used in GHG inventories in the LULUCF sector at all the time points analysed. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was used to explain the land-use change trends during several historical periods due to differing land management policies, utilizing data from freely available databases as the regressors. The percentage of variance explained by the models ranged from 37 to 65, depending on the land-use type and the period in question.
Seasonality in the tourism sector is described as a change in tourism due to seasonal changes or a temporary change in tourist flows. In Lithuania, the tourism seasonality is recognized as a problem requiring a solution. This study has identified that every visitor/traveller who likes nature, prefers nature-based tourism or has plans to spend some time in nature is facing the tourism seasonality in Lithuania. The results of this survey support the idea that the most popular time for nature trips in Lithuania is summer time or the warm light season of the year. There are several reasons why visitors wish to go out to nature: many visitors hope to get good quality and exciting entertainment or educations, others are expecting for nature's aesthetic and other values, including beautiful landscapes and fresh air. Lithuanians usually choose nature trips with family or friends travelling by car for an average 3-7 days. The most of survey respondents plan trips in advance, search for information on the Internet, social networks, or use the recommendations of friends to visit one or another natural object, and almost do not use the services of tourism companies. Interest in one or another natural object and its attendance is primarily determined by weather conditions, activities and educations adapted to the exact season. This survey has shown that people wishing to choose non-seasonal natural tourism facing many problems. Depending on the season, tourism infrastructure could be more suited to all seasons, as well as respondents expect new educations adapted to different seasons or their indoor alternatives. In the recent years, more frequent extreme climate periods (heat, rainfall in summer, cold or wet periods in winter) have begun to change, most often reduce, visitor flows.
SANTRAUKAŠiais laikais turizmo sektorius vystosi itin sparčiai, o turistų srautai visame pasaulyje vis didėja. Siekiant darnos su gamta, populiarėja ekologinis (žaliasis) turizmas. Ekologinis (žaliasis) turizmas -turizmo rūšis, kada pagrindinis kelionės tikslas yra stebėti gamtos ir vietos kultūros apraiškas, nedarant neigiamo poveikio aplinkai ir suteikiant vietos gyventojams galimybę užsiimti socialine ir ekonomine veikla. Lietuvoje potencialo tokiam keliavimui yra labai daug, nes turime daug natūralios, saugomos gamtos, žmogaus nepaliestų zonų, galimybių laisvai stebėti aplinką. Lietuvių, kaip ir dalies europiečių, kultūros šaknys, tradicijos, papročiai yra artimai susiję su gamtos dėsniais. Lietuvoje turime piliakalnių palikimą, Kuršių neriją, unikalius etnografinius kaimus, agrarinę kultūrą, susijusią su žemės dėsniais -jos stebėjimu. Didžiausio turistinio potencialo teritorijos, kuriose prioritetas teikiamas ekologinio (žaliojo) turizmo plėtrai, numatytos 5 regionuose: Pajūrio, Dzūkijos, Rytų Aukštaitijos, Žemaitijos aukštumų ir Nemuno žemupio. Šiame straipsnyje pateikta Ukmergės rajono gamtos išteklių pritaikymo ekologiniam (žaliajam) turizmui analizė.Reikšminiai žodžiai: turizmas, ekologinis (žaliasis) turizmas, gamtos ištek-liai.
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