Design e artesanato, modelos de atuação, grupos produtivos.
KEY WORDSDesign and handcrafts, models of relationship, productive groups.
RESUMOO presente artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa 1 baseada na interação entre o design e o artesanato brasileiro a partir do século XXI. Na busca pelo reconhecimento dessa interação e diferentes formas de atuação que podem ocorrer, foram analisados seis modelos de relacionamento entre designers e artesãos, sendo dois modelos quando os designers atuam em núcleos de extensão universitária/acadêmica, dois em associações sem fins lucrativos e dois como profissionais autônomos, que junto a grupos produtivos desenvolvem, por meio de diferentes métodos, ações com significativos impactos sociais, ambientais e econômicos. A partir das similaridades e divergências entre esses formatos é possível observar e realizar análises que permitem orientar pesquisas, projetos e novas políticas públicas buscando o constante aprimoramento desta atuação.
ABSTRACT
The present article shows the results of a research 2 based on the interaction between design and Brazilian handcrafts from the 21th century. In order to have a recognition of this interaction and the different forms it can occur, six models of relationship among designers and handcrafters were analysed: two of them were performed by university extension centers, two by non-profit organizations and the other two by autonomous professionals. When these models interact with productive groups, they develop in many different methods actions what result in social, environmental and economical impacts.From the similarities and differences between these formats, the improvement of the interaction between design and handcraft is notorious. This perception allows the approach of new researches, projects and new public politics.
Design is assuming more strategic roles in the industry, bringing different approaches to the development of new products that enables innovations and higher acceptance. Like other segments, the toy industry is also modifying to meet new demands, seeking to develop games and toys aligned with the contemporary child. To improve the quality of the national toy, design insertion has been stated as a desired goal. However, there are not significant reports in the literature about how it is integrated in the segment. This study aimed to evaluate the integration of designers in the development process of new products of three different Brazilian toy companies that acted as case studies. Based on Design Management (DM) and Product Development Process (PDP) Models, we implemented a new model that aided in organizing and analyzing records of the companies' structures and development processes. Results indicated the difficulties and improvement points to insert Designers in a formalized process, being those located mostly on the initial planning, product prototyping, and post launch stages. A recent increase in design acceptance and usage, however, was noted, with Design being considered as directly related with the quality increase of the company's products.Keywords: design management, toy industry, development of new product, Brazilian industry, industrial design.
Resumo: O artigo descreve as tecnologias gerenciais e práticas sociais empregadas para construção de um modelo de gestão para o Centro de Artesanato Wilson Campos Júnior, Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Pernambuco, durante a implementação do projeto "Cerâmica Artesanal do Cabo de Santo Agostinho", patrocinado pelo Programa Petrobrás Desenvolvimento e Cidadania entre os anos de 2012 e 2014. O estudo de caso tomou como fundamentos teóricos a abordagem de desenvolvimento econômico e design e como práxis o Modelo de intervenção de design no artesanato desenvolvido e testado pelo Laboratório de Design O Imaginário da UFPE. Tendo a Fundação de Apoio a UFPE/ FADE como responsável pela gestão do contrato de patrocínio, a pesquisa em gestão e design encontrou nas práticas sociais argumentos que conciliam desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade e inspiram a atuação de designers junto a comunidades produtoras de artesanato no país. Palavras-chave: modelo de gestão, artesanato, design.
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