Main nursery is the first step affecting oil palm's age and productivity. Good plant growth will produce high quality and yield of oil palm. 00, 12.59, 37.58, 56.41, 36.74, 87.00, 86.60, and 72.97 00, 12.59, 37.58, 56.41, 36.74, 87.00, 86.60, dan 72.97 g per bibit. Kata kunci: klorofil, neraca hara, rekomendasi pemupukan, respon morfologi dan fisiologi
Dayak shallot has various phytochemical compounds that useful for health; people use it as medicinal plants. The technique of cultivating plants has not been informed completely. Hence, the research needs to be conducted to understand the competitiveness of weeds and the best planting space for optimal production. The research objectives are to obtain the effect of weed control and plant spacing for Dayak shallot growth and development. This research was used <em>randomized block design</em> two factors. The first factor is plant spacing and the second factor is weed control. There are four combinations of treatments between planting space and weed control. The treatment combinations used are: (1) Plant spacing of 15 cm x 15 cm with weed control; (2) Plant spacing of 15 cm x 15 cm without weed control; (3) Plant spacing of 30 cm x 30 cm with weed control; and (4) Plant spacing of 30 cm x 30 cm without weed control. Each treatment combination was repeated three times. The results showed that a combination of plant spacing and weed control was affected the percentage of flowering, the number of flowers on 4 and 6 days after planting, and the dry weight of Dayak shallot. The components of plant growth of Dayak shallot (plant height, number of leaves, root length, leaf biomass, root biomass, and total flavonoid content) was not affected by the combination of treatments. The dominant weed is <em>Borreria latifolia,</em> with SDR 30.623%.
Bioherbicides become one of the alternative eco-friendly weed controls that could be used. Saliara (Lantana camara) is one of the dominant weeds in oil palm plantations, this weeds have a distinctive aroma and contain allelochemical compounds. To further optimize weed control, soil processing is also considered a preventive method. This is because the soil treatment could cut the weed seeds so that it fails to germinate. The use of bioherbicide and soil treatment is expected to become the alternative weed control alternative that is more effective in controlling weeds by pre-growing. The objectives of this experiment were to obtain the alternative material for pre-emergence bioherbicide and to know the effectivity of soil tillage for controlling weed in oil palm plantation. This research conducted at Teaching Farm 2 and Biology Laboratory of Citra Widya Education Oil Palm Polytechnic Bekasi, from April until Mei 2017. This research was arranged in a factorial random block design with two replications. The first factor was soil tillage, consist of A1 (without soil tillage) and A2 (soil tillage). Second factor was bioherbicide application, consist of B1 (with bioherbicide application) and B2 (without bioherbicide application). Each of treatments repeated two times, so that there were 8 experimental unit. The data was analysis of variance. If the analysis variance test result was significant at 5%, then it continued by T test (Least Significance Different, LSD). The result showed that Lantana camara could be as alternative material for pre-emergence bioherbicide in oil palm plantation. Soil tillage and application of Lantana camara bioherbicide not significantly affected to height weeds, number of leave and biomass. The interaction between these factors significantly affected to number of leaves in 2 weeks. The best combination treatment was without soil tillage and application of bioherbicide.
ABSTRAKKeberadaan gulma di areal budidaya tanaman dapat memengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman utama, begitu juga pada tanaman kelapa sawit. Pemanfaatan bioherbisida dari limbah gulma saliara dapat menjadi metode alternatif untuk mengendalikan gulma tanpa merusak lingkungan, serta meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan metode alternatif pengendalian gulma menggunakan bioherbisida, mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi bioherbisida terhadap populasi gulma serta pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman kelapa sawit, dan mengetahui kandungan senyawa alelokimia pada bioherbisida saliara (Lantana camara). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan 2 Politeknik Kelapa Sawit Citra Widya Edukasi Bekasi, mulai bulan Juni 2017 sampai Juni 2018. Penelitian ini disusun dalam rancanganacak lengkap (RAL) non faktorialyang terdiri dari tiga perlakuan yaitu : A1 (tanpa aplikasi, kontrol), A2 (aplikasi herbisida Glifosat 1%), dan A3 (Bioherbisida Saliara 5%). Setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali dan satu sampel sehingga terdapat 15 unit percobaan. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan apabila berpengaruh nyata pada taraf 5% dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi bioherbisida saliara dapat dijadikan metode alternatif pengendalian gulma di perkebunan kelapa sawit dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya tumbuh gulma pada 4 minggu setelah aplikasi. Berdasarkan pengamatan fisik, pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman kelapa sawit dengan aplikasi bioherbisida secara umum menunjukkan hasil yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan kontrol dan Glifosat. Kandungan senyawa kimia pada bioherbisida saliara adalah 2,63% Saponin, 5,73% Tanin, dan 0,17% Flavonoid. ABSTRACTThe existence of weed in plantation area could affect plant growth and development, as well as palm oil.The utilization of bioherbicide from saliara could be an alternative method for controlling weed without damaging the environment, and also increasing plant growth and development. The objectives of this experiment were to obtain the alternative method with using bioherbicide, to know the effect of bioherbicide application toweed population and also growth and development of immature oil palm, and to know allelochemicals content in bioherbicide saliara. This research conducted at Teaching Farm 2 Citra Widya Education Oil Palm Polytechnic Bekasi, from Juni 2017 until Juni 2018. This research was arranged in a factorial random block design with three treatmens, consist of A1 (without application, control), A2 (Glifosat 1%), dan A3 (Bioherbicide Saliara 5%). Each treatment repeated five times and one sample, so that there were 15 experimental units. The data was analysis of variance. If the analysis variance test result was significant at 5%, then it continued by Least Significance Different(LSD).The result showed that bioherbicide saliara could be as alternative method for controlling weed in palm oil plantation and has significant effect to weed growth at fo...
AbstrakKeberadaan gulma pada pembibitan kelapa sawit dapat menurunkan kualitas bibit. Pengendalian gulma di pembibitan awal harus dilakukan secara dengan tangan (hand weeding), karena bibit dapat mati akibat aplikasi herbisida. Aplikasi bioherbisida saliara (Lantana camara) pada bibit kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) dapat menjadi alternatif pengendalian gulma yang ramah lingkungan dan mengurangi tenaga kerja. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan 1 Politeknik CWE, pada November 2019 sampai Februari 2020. Percobaan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok, dengan perlakuan: kontrol (tanpa aplikasi bioherbisida), Ekstrak Lantana camara 1%, 2%, dan 3%. Setiap perlakuan diulangi sebanyak tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Bioherbisida Lantana camara mengandung senyawa alelokimia yaitu Saponin (2,07%), Tanin (3,28%), dan Flavonoid (1,83%). Gulma Lantana camara dapat dijadikan bahan alternatif bioherbisida pra tumbuh karena berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya tumbuh gulma. Meskipun bioherbisida menurunkan tinggi bibit pada 3 bulan setelah tanam (BST) dan diameter batang bibit pada 1 BST, namun bioherbisida tidak mempengaruhi jumlah daun, kehijauan daun, dan biomassa bibit. Bioherbisida Lantana camara dengan konsentrasi 1% menunjukkan hasil terbaik dalam menekan laju pertumbuhan gulma.Kata Kunci: Bibit, Bioherbisida, Fisiologi, Gulma, Morfologi Abstract. The presence of weeds in oil palm nurseries can reduce the quality of the seedlings. Usually, mechanical weeding by hand is needed in pre-nursery because the use of chemical treatment caused the oil palm seeeling died. Bioherbicide application of Lantana camara to oil palm seedling (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) can be alternative weed control that is environmental friendly and reduces labor. This research conducted at Teaching Farm Politeknik CWE, from November 2019 to Februari 2020. Experiment was arranged in Randomized Block Design, with treatments are Control (without bioherbicide application), Bioherbicide Lantana camara 1%, 2% and 3%. Every treatments was repeated three times. The results showed that Lantana camara bioherbicide contained allelochemical compounds, namely saponins (2.07%), tannins (3.28%), and flavonoids (1.83%). Lantana camara weed can be used as an alternative material for pre-growing herbicides because it has a significant effect on reduced weed population. Although bioherbicides decreased seedling height at 3 months after planting (MAP) and stem diameter at 1 MAP, bioherbicides did not affect leaf number, leaf greenness, and seedling biomass. Bioherbicide Lantana camara with concentration 1% showed the best treatment for controlling weeds in oil palm pre nursery.Keywords: Bioherbicide, Morphology, Physiology, Seedlings, Weed
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