The water used as the reaction medium in the emulsion polymerization of SBR was treated with a tannin-based derivative. The rubbers obtained were compounded and compared with a reference composition prepared with a rubber polymerized in water treated according to the conventional aluminum sulfate method. Mechanical properties, before and after ageing, were evaluated and were found to be of comparable magnitude, as long as no excess tannin is present in the emulsion reaction medium.
Abstract:The toxicity of residues formed during water treatment is mainly a function of the chemicals used. The inorganic flocculants, when used, give rise to compounds harmful to humans and to the environment. An alternative solution is the use of tannins. However, despite the environmental benefits, when using tannin-based products in the treatment of industrial water, modifications may be imparted to the final product. In this work, tannin was evaluated as flocculating agent to treat the water used in the emulsion polymerization to produce SBR. The results show that good stability of the latex and acceptable color in the rubber can be achieved.
The use of products from vegetal source, as tannins, in the treatment of industrial waters has been the focus of increasing attention since it contributes to a reduction of the toxicity brought about by the residues generated during the water treatment process. Nevertheless, in an industrial plant any modifi cation to be introduced in the production process has to meet a few standards as the new procedures can alter the characteristics of the fi nal product. In this work, tannin was used to treat the water for the production of emulsion SBR and the characteristics of the rubber obtained are evaluated. As SBR is an extensively used general purpose rubber, the properties must be kept as close as possible to those presented by the product prepared with water treated in the conventional way. Thus, a comparative study was done, by carrying out emulsion polymerizations in water treated conventionally with aluminum sulfate or with tannin. The results show that the presence of tannin does not signifi cantly affect the characteristics of the fi nal product as long as its concentration is carefully controlled.
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial de geração de biogás utilizando resíduos orgânicos gerados em indústria de laticínios: lodo flotado após centrifugação e o leite de descarte. O biogás é gerado na digestão anaeróbia de resíduos orgânicos e mostra-se como uma alternativa sustentável de disposição e tratamento de resíduos gerados nos processos industriais. O estudo da geração de biogás foi realizado em 14 biodigestores de bancada construídos em garrafas pet e seringa de 60 mL para o armazenamento do biogás gerado ao longo do tempo. No ensaio do delineamento experimental as proporções dos resíduos de laticínios em cada biodigestor foram delimitadas pelo método do delineamento composto central rotacional (DCCR) e o inóculo foi adicionado na proporção de 30% do volume ocupado pelos resíduos de laticínios. No ensaio da digestão de lodo e inóculo, os biodigestores foram limitados em 10% de sólidos totais. Os parâmetros analisados foram: pH, sólidos totais, sólidos voláteis e fixos, produção e análise qualitativa do biogás. Como principais resultados, obteve-se uma produtividade de biogás de 49,62 mL g-1 de sólidos voláteis inseridos no biodigestor 5 e 46,77 mL g-1 de sólidos voláteis no biodigestor. A análise qualitativa do biogás resultou em uma concentração média de 60% de CH4 contido no biogás produzido.
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