The article deals with the study of the interaction between eight South American countries (Brazil, Bolivia, Venezuela, Guyana, Colombia, Peru, Suriname and Ecuador) in the frame of the Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO). The study of ACTO’s activity is becoming a particular relevance currently, when the integration processes in Latin America are going through crisis and it's difficult to predict the prospects of regional dialogue, including the environmental component, connected with the social and economic factors. Considering this research, the authors drew on the theory of regional integration, the neoliberal IR theory and used the problematic-chronological method in considering the program documents and projects of ACTO.
The authors identify the vectors of development and consider the features and main trends of academic mobility of Latin American students in the current conditions of the development of society and higher education. It is concluded that in recent years, academic mobility has been undergoing changes, including changing its vector in favor of obtaining education in the region. The key reasons for this process are identified: the traditional propensity of Latin Americans for good neighborliness, the active development of the idea of a “common market of knowledge” in the region, the increase in the level of education in a number of Latin American states, the adjustments made to the processes of academic mobility by the pandemic of the new coronavirus. Along with the regional vector, the role of Russian universities is determined and the place of Rossotrudnichestvo in the system of academic mobility is shown. The factors that can affect the dynamics of academic mobility of Latin American students to Russian universities are highlighted.
The article examines key vectors of the development of Russia’s foreign economic relations with its largest trading partners in Latin America in the context of anti-Russian sanctions. The author analyzes peculiarities of Russia’s foreign trade and investment cooperation with Brazil, Ecuador, Argentina, Mexico and Chile. Factors hindering the development of this cooperation are economic instability in the world, anti-Russian sanctions, weak development of logistics networks, lack of free trade agreements, the presence of high custom duties on Russian products in the Latin American market, high competition on part of the United States and China, insufficient interest of Russian business in economic cooperation with the countries of the region over the past decades. It is shown that the largest increase in Russia’s trade turnover with the countries under consideration was recorded with Mexico, an increase in Russian exports was observed in Argentina, and imports - from Mexico. Chile demonstrated the worst indicators in the sphere of foreign trade relations among the countries under consideration. It is concluded that Russia’s largest Latin American partners have serious prospects for expanding their presence on the Russian market in the face of anti-Russian sanctions. Two key factors can be considered favorable for further development of Russia - Latin America trade cooperation. The first one is the orientation of the foreign policy of many countries in the region to other economic partners in order to minimize dependence on the United States. The second one is that Russia is shifting its vectors of economic cooperation from unfriendly countries to other countries, including Latin American states. It is concluded that investment cooperation between the countries has certain prospects for development, especially in the field of oil and gas exploration, energy and railway construction.
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