Visibilities of 100 to 200 miles over large areas are reported by pilots flying in the Arctic winter of interior Alaska. However, when the airport is reached, they find ice fog and visibility near zero. This condition is described and reasons are presented for ice fog formation and persistence in the vicinity of towns while other areas equally cold remain fog free.
TIROS photographs of cloud patterns in the vicinity of thc jet stream are examined and comparcd with surface, uppcr air, and pilot-report data. It is found that with certain conditions of lighting and satellite attitude the northern edge of the cirrus cloud shield, which lics immediately south of the jet, can be casily identified by a shadow cast by the higher cloud dcek on the loner underlying surface. This shadow ideiitifics the cloud structure associated with the jet strcam. Differences in texturc aiid pattern also help to identify the northcrii limits of the high-level cirrus and thus aid in positioning thc jet stream.
The first weather satellite was launched on 1 April 1960. In the 25 years since, weather satellites have contributed to improved weather analyses and forecasts worldwide. As a maturing component of a global observing system, the meteorological satellite promises even greater financial benefits and a higher quality of life to mankind.
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