Some Examples of the Detection of Jet Streams From Tiros Photographs

Abstract

TIROS photographs of cloud patterns in the vicinity of thc jet stream are examined and comparcd with surface, uppcr air, and pilot-report data. It is found that with certain conditions of lighting and satellite attitude the northern edge of the cirrus cloud shield, which lics immediately south of the jet, can be casily identified by a shadow cast by the higher cloud dcek on the loner underlying surface. This shadow ideiitifics the cloud structure associated with the jet strcam. Differences in texturc aiid pattern also help to identify the northcrii limits of the high-level cirrus and thus aid in positioning thc jet stream.

Interaction Between Subtropical and Polar-Front Jet Stream

“…Findings by Oliver et al (1964) using satellite pictures agree well with those by Kadlec (1963Kadlec ( , 1964 using visual and photographic cloud surveys from commercial airline flights. Figure 1 shows one of Kadlec's cirrus distribution models, which he describes as follows:…”

“…A number of moderate to severe CAT reports lie close to the shadow band reported by Oliver et al (1964). All of them obviously occur at levels lower than the cirrus cloud deck, except for one report at 35,000 ft near Nantucket Island.…”

“…In a recent study Oliver, Anderson, and Ferguson (1964) have described the observation of dark bands in TIROS V and VI cloud photographs that were associated with jet streams at tropopause level. Since cloud heights on the south side of these bands were appreciably higher than on the north side (ca.…”

On Locating Jet Streams From Tiros Photographs

“…Anderson, and Berguson [14]. They found that cirriform clouds are largely restricted t o the anticyclonic shear side (tropical side) of the jet stream and are characterized by an abrupt edge along the jet core.…”

Les débuts de la météorologie spatiale

“…Whitney et Fritz (1961) décrivent un système nuageux qui a engendré des tornades aux États-Unis. Oliver et al (1964) illustrent plusieurs cas de détection de jet-streams à partir des satellites Tiros. C'est donc une vision différente des phénomènes météorologiques qui émerge grâce aux satellites.…”