Urinothorax is a very rare occurrence of urine in the pleural space. Urinothorax can occur as a consequence to percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy (URSL) or shock wave lithotripsy (SWL). We herewith report a rare case of Urinothorax in a 35 years old male patient and discuss its current knowhow and clinical management.

ABSTRACT:Insurgence of Maggot's is an uncommon feature of colostomy site. Maggots' infestation has been reported over sites like nose, ear, orbit, tracheotomy wound, face, gums and serous cavities. We report a case of maggots infestation surrounding the colostomy site, which to the best of our knowledge, is the first reported case in the review of the literature. A patient of advanced inoperable adenocarcinoma rectum presented with complaints of constant vague pain, discomfort and foul smelling discharge over colostomy site. On exploration, maggots were identified as the cause and patient was relieved of his agony by their meticulous eradication. We emphasize that Stoma Care should be constantly monitored to prevent Maggot infestation and prevention counseling should be included in the stoma care protocol in tropical countries.

Background: The advantages of biological skin dressings like collagen are well-known. It makes wound impermeable to bacteria and creates the most physiological interface between the wound surface and the environment. Silver-sulfadiazine-impregnated collagen (SIC) is a type 1 collagen impregnated with silver sulfadiazine (SSD)-loaded alginate microspheres to deliver SSD in a controlled fashion to manage infected burn wounds for an extended period of time with lesser dressing changes. Materials and Methods: In this study, we used SIC for the treatment of second-degree burn wounds in 25 patients and compared with similar burn wounds in 25 patients treated with conventional dressings. Results: For SIC-treated group, we observed improved wound healing in all the patients after 7 days except two patients who required skin grafting, and none of them had any serious complications. For conventionally treated group, improved wound healing was seen in 14 patients, whereas the rest of the patients required prolong dressing or skin grafting. All the patients who were treated with SIC were satisfied with healing of wound and pain relief. Conclusion: Second-degree burn wounds are well-treated with SIC in the form of good healing, control of infection, and reducing pain without any serious complications when compared with conventional dressing.

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Aims:We aimed to validate Mannheim peritonitis index (MPI) for prediction of outcome in patients with perforation peritonitis.Materials and Methods:A prospective study involving 100 subjects operated for perforation peritonitis over the period of 2 years was designed. Postevaluation of predesigned performa, MPI score was calculated and analyzed for each patient with death being the main outcome measure. The MPI scores were divided into three categories; scores <15 (category 1), 16-25 (category 2), and >25 (category 3).Results:Our study consisted of 82 males and 18 females (male:female ratio 4.56:1), with the mean patients age of 37.96 ± 17.49 years. 47, 26, and 27 cases belonged to MPI score categories 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The most common origin of sepsis was ileal with small intestine dominating the source of perforation. When the individual parameters of MPI score were assessed against the mortality only, age >50 years (P = 0.015), organ failure (P = 0.0001), noncolonic origin of sepsis (P = 0.002), and generalized peritonitis (P = 0.0001) significantly associated with mortality. The sensitivity of MPI was 92% with a specificity of 78% in receiver operating characteristic curves.Conclusion:MPI is an effective tool for prediction of mortality in cases of perforation peritonitis.

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Introduction: The position of the canine has a key role in facial harmony, dental aesthetics, functional occlusion, and health of temperomandibular joint. Maxillary canine impaction is the second most common tooth after third molars impaction. Maxillary canines are more prone to impaction due to longer path of eruption. Settings and Design: All the patients were examined in the Dental Chair light and referred to the department of Oral Radiology for Orthopantomogram. Yamamoto’s classification was used to classify maxillary canine impaction. Position of mandibular canine from cement-enamel junction was used for mandibular canine impaction. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on 2300 patients who consulted the orthodontic department from January 2018 to July 2022. Orthopantomogram of each patient was examined for canine impaction, retained deciduous teeth, cyst, and other anomalies. The incidence and pattern of canine impaction was assessed. Statistical Analysis: The data was then statistically analyzed using Graph Pad Prism software. The incidence of impacted canine was evaluated. The effect of gender was evaluated using a t-test. Results: A total of 2300 subjects were examined out of which 52 individuals were diagnosed with canine impaction. The incidence of canine impaction among orthodontic patients is 2.26%. The amount of canine impaction in females (60%) is higher than males (40%). The ratio of canine impaction of the maxilla and mandible is 2.5. Conclusion: The incidence of canine impaction was found to be 2.26 percent in the tribal dominant population of Jharkhand. Type II (50%) pattern in the maxilla and Level A (57%) impaction in the mandible was found to be the highest.

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