A simple method is delineated for the synthesis of substituted ester products in superior yields by esterification reaction under solvent
unbound condition using tungsten upgraded ZrO2 solid acid catalyst at 353 K. The WO3/ZrO2 catalyst has been prepared by using
impregnation method followed by calcination at 923 K over a period of 6 h in air atmosphere. SEM, XRD, FTIR, and BET surface area
techniques were used to categorize this catalyst. Zirconia has both acidic and basic possessions which can be changed by incorporating
suitable promoter atom like tungsten which in turn increases the surface area thereby enhancing the surface acidity. Impregnation of W6+
ions exhibits a strong influence on phase modification of zirconia from thermodynamically solid monoclinic to metastable tetragonal
phase. Amalgamation of promoter W6+ will stabilize tetragonal phase which is active in catalyzing reactions. In esterification reaction
WO3/ZrO2 catalyst was found to be stable, efficient and environmental friendly, effortlessly recovered by filtration, excellent yield of
product and can be reusable efficiently.
ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are biosynthesized for the first time with the aqueous wheatgrass extract (WGE) using the solution combustion method. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, DLS, TGA, UV‐Vis. and FTIR. The synthesized ZnO NPs were crystalline, having a wurtzite structure, with an average particle size of 25 nm, confirmed from TEM and DLS. The biosynthesized ZnO NPs from WGE has shown excellent activity against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. They also exhibited good antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities with IC50 value of 4.63 μg/mL. When treated with MCF‐7 cell lines, these biosynthesized WGE ZnO NPs have shown a remarkable decline in the cell viability with IC50 value of 44.67 μg/mL. Under the visible light, crystal violet and safranin stains have shown excellent degradation at neutral pH without any reductant, indicating that these green WGE ZnO NPs can serve as a potential photocatalyst in treating wastewater effluents.
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