Introduction:Migrant is a vulnerable population. They face several barriers in accessing health services. The immigration status presents various challenges for maternity services utilization. So this study was conducted (1) to estimate proportion of women utilizing full ANC package and to find out reasons for its nonutilization (2) to estimate the proportion of institutional deliveries and reasons for home deliveries.Methods:A cross-sectional community based study was conducted among migrant women in reproductive age group in an urban slum. The sample size was 120. Multistage simple random sampling was done.Results:Maximum numbers of migrants (71.7%) were from Uttar Pradesh. Sixty two percent married before the age of 18 years. Full ANC package was received by only 18% migrants. Proportion of home deliveries was 12%, and all were conducted by Untrained Dai. Lack of transport facility and availability of Dai (local birth attendant) were the reasons mentioned for home delivery. For nonutilization of full ANC package, far location of health center (30%); it is not necessary (25.8%); and family did not allow them to visit health center (21.8%) were the reasons mentioned. Religion and type of family were significantly associated with nonutilization of full ANC package.Conclusion:The present study revealed low utilization of ANC services and high proportion of home deliveries among the migrant women even after availability of health facilities for providing ANC care and to conduct deliveries in urban area.
Menstrual practices of adolescent girls in rural parts of India are greatly influenced by taboos and socio-cultural beliefs. In this study, the menstrual hygiene practices and beliefs of 122 adolescent girls between the ages of 13 and 19 years from rural Maharashtra were evaluated by personal interview and questionnaires. None of the girls had the right scientific knowledge about menstruation and were isolated during menstruation. They used cloth or home-made sanitary pads and were at risk of infections. There is a dire need for knowledge dissemination among school children and their families, increased awareness of menstrual hygiene and access to the requisite sanitary products in rural areas.
Background: Caesarean section is one of the commonly performed surgical procedures in obstetrics and is certainly one of the oldest operations in surgery. One of the most dramatic features of modern obstetrics is the increase in the caesarean section rate. The present study was conducted to estimate proportion of various indications of LSCS and also to assess socio demographic profile of mothers undergoing caesarean section in a tertiary care centre. Methods: The present cross sectional observational study was conducted at Government Medical College & Hospital, Akola in the post natal ward (PNC). Non probability convenient sampling method was used. All patients admitted to PNC ward after LSCS were included in study. For data collection paper based pre tested, semi –structured questionnaire was used. Results: Previous LSCS was indication for LSCS in 32% cases. Eclampsia, preeclampsia and Anaemia were the indications for LSCS in 19.3%, 8.6% and 5.3% cases respectively. Other common indications includes CPD, meconium stained liquor, fetal distress, breech presentations, twin pregnancy and preterm labour. Conclusions: The proportion of LSCS is more than WHO recommended proportion of LSCS. It may be due to present institute acts as tertiary care center. Still this proportion is high, so encouragement should be given to trial of labour in selected low risk cases and in Primi patients whenever possible.
Background: Many families lack accurate information and knowledge about need for immunization, the need for subsequent dose(s), and the importance of completing the entire immunization schedule. Considering this fact present study was undertaken to identify the factors influencing knowledge of parents regarding immunization.Methods: It’s a cross sectional study conducted for a period of one year in an urban slum area of Malad, Mumbai. Children aged 12-24 months in the study area were included and their parents interviewed using semi structured questionnaire which was validated with the help of a pilot study.Results: Ninety seven percent respondents had heard about immunization. Only 2.8% of them were not aware about immunization. Total 30.5% of respondents could correctly identify the purpose of immunization i.e. protection of child from disease. Almost 65.2% of them did not know vaccines given under national immunization program. Fever (72.3%) was commonest side effect reported by respondents followed by swelling (38.3%). Reasons for lack of knowledge were ignorance about immunization (31.0%), followed by enough information was not received from health providers (24.1%).Conclusions: Knowledge regarding immunisation is very poor among the residents of urban slums of Mumbai. IEC material regarding immunization should be displayed in waiting areas of immunization clinic and several strategic places in the community. There is a need for additional training or capacity building of health workers to improve their attitudes towards clients, and to strengthen their ability to counsel regarding immunization.
Background: TB has been found to coexist with malnutrition among patients at diagnosis in both developed and developing countries. Malnutrition is considered as an important risk factor for tuberculosis and it is also a common consequence of tuberculosis. Aims: To estimate the proportion of malnutrition among tuberculosis (TB) patients at diagnosis and to determine factors associated with malnutrition.Materials and methods: It's a Cross sectional study conducted in a slum under one of the Tuberculosis Units, of Malvani, Mumbai for the duration of 9 months in total 200 diagnosed tuberculosis patients fulfilling inclusion criteria. An interviewer administered schedule consisting of questions regarding their socio-demographic status, economic status, body mass index (BMI) and type of tuberculosis at diagnosis.All responses tabulated in Microsoft-Excel 2010 Software. Data is analysed using Epi data analysis Version 2.2.2 build 177.Results: The mean body mass index was 16.8 Kg/m2. Malnourished patients were 79%, including 35% having severe thinness (<16 Kg/m2). Severe thinness was seen more among patients with availability and colour of ration card (36.4%), patients with low education (38.4%) and among dependent patients (41%). Nutritional status was significantly associated with the type of tuberculosis (p=0.01) Conclusions: Proportion of malnutrition including severe malnutrition among TB patients was found to be very high. National Program should include nutritional assessment of TB patients to reduce the risk of mortality and relapse.
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