No abstract

Purpose of Review The current systematic review and meta-analysis was done to evaluate the effects of selenium and probiotic co-supplementation on lipid profile and glycemia indices of the adult population using randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). Recent Findings Five studies involving 282 participants with a sample size ranging from 38 to 79 were eligible to be enrolled in the current study. Co-supplementation with probiotic and selenium reduced fasting plasma glucose (WMD =  −4.02 mg/dL; 95% CI: −5.87 to −2.18; P < 0.001), insulin (WMD =  −2.50 mIU/mL; 95% CI: −3.11 to −1.90; P < 0.001), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (WMD =  −0.59; 95% CI: −0.74 to −0.43; P < 0.001), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (WMD = 0.01; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.02; P < 0.001), total cholesterol (WMD =  −12.75 mg/dL; 95% CI: −19.44 to −6.07; P < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD =  −7.09 mg/dL; 95% CI: −13.45 to −0.73; P = 0.029), and triglyceride (WMD =  −14.38 mg/dL; 95% CI: −23.13 to −5.62; P = 0.001). Summary The findings of the current systematic review and meta-analysis suggested that co-supplementation with probiotics and selenium may benefit adults in terms of glycemia indices and lipid profile. However, due to the small number of included studies, further trials are needed to confirm our findings.

Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is used extensively as a white pigment in the food industry, personal care, and a variety of products of everyday use. Although TiO 2 has been categorized as a bioinert material, recent evidence has demonstrated different toxicity profiles of TiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) and a potential health risk to humans. Studies indicated that titanium dioxide enters the systemic circulation and accumulates in the lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen, heart, and central nervous system and may cause oxidative stress and tissue damage in these vital organs. Recently, some studies have raised concerns about the possible detrimental effects of TiO 2 NPs on glucose homeostasis. However, the findings should be interpreted with caution due to the methodological issues. This article aims to evaluate current evidence regarding the effects of TiO 2 NPs on glucose homeostasis, including possible underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, the limitations of current studies are discussed, which may provide a comprehensive understanding and new perspectives for future studies in this field.

No abstract