The aim of the study is to analyze and systematize the features of pantun, both traditional for this Malay folklore genre and due to its historical development, and uniqueness, inherent in individual pantuns, as well as to identify the reasons for the relevance of this genre in Malay culture. Comparative-typological, descriptive-functional, and cultural-historical research methods were used. The main features of pantun as a traditional genre of Malay poetry are systematized. Logic, brevity, and the presence of rhyme are identified as the main structural features due to the historical development of pantun. These features determine in many ways the content: symbolism, allegorical and thematic, as well as the phonetic features of the pantun. The considered features of pantuns that meet certain national characteristics of the Malay people can be identified as the reasons for the popularity of this genre so far. The classic folk pantun is a miniature poetic form, characterized by structural, substantive and phonetic features and strict rules of design. Violations of the traditional rules in individual pantuns are rather exceptional and subordinate to the content component. Being an integral part of the culture of the people, pantuns undergo some changes in the thematic aspect they reflect the realities of modern reality, but these changes do not go beyond the boundaries of the traditions of the genre.
The necessity to develop new methods and measures in teaching Russian as a foreign language is caused not only by the growth of distant educational technologies, but also by new cognitive style generation formed in the circumstances of changing the natural surrounding into the virtual (the cyberworld) one. The lack of methodic instruments for compensating the language and sociocultural environment in distant teaching of Russian as a foreign language interferes the forming of students’ communicative skills. The aim of the research is therefore to develop and realize the sociocultural surrounding model for the foreigners learning Russian in conditions of restricted natural surroundings. The material of the research contained the digital culture and country study content created in line with culturological approach in pedagogy and linguistics and in accordance with distant Russian language teaching experience. The research was held with the help of theoretical (analysis, comparison, extrapolation), diagnostic (pedagogical observation, expert value, oral survey) and reconfiguring (pedagogical modelling, integration of the research results into the learning process) methods. The results of the research consist in working out the didactic and methodic demands for modelling a virtual sociocultural surrounding; creating on this base an interactive calendar “Trip to Russia” that corresponds with the cognitive type of the “digital” generation and allows to perform the functions of the sociocultural surrounding in distant learning of Russian as a foreign language: it promotes the development of sociocultural competence, positive attitude to Russia and Russians, increases motivation for learning Russian. In conclusion the authors present the opportunities of the virtual sociocultural surrounding to use it efficiently in studying Russian as a foreign language.
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