Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, for which there is no effective treatment except employing prevention strategies, has already instituted significant number of deaths. In this review, we provide a scientific view on the potential role of vitamin D in SARS-CoV-2 virus/COVID-19 disease. Vitamin D is well-known to play a significant role in maintaining the immune health of an individual. Moreover, it induces antimicrobial peptide expression that can decrease viral replication and regulate the levels of pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, supplementation of vitamin D has the potential to reduce the incidence, severity and the risk of death from pneumonia resulting from the cytokine storm of many viral infections including COVID-19. We suggest that supplementation of subjects at high risk of COVID-19 with vitamin D (1.000 to 3.000 IU) to maintain its optimum serum concentrations may be of significant benefit for both in the prevention and treatment of the COVID-19.
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The World Health Organization declared the pandemic situation caused by SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome Coronavirus-2) in March 2020, but the detailed pathophysiological mechanisms of Coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19) are not yet completely understood. Therefore, to date, few therapeutic options are available for
patients with mild-moderate or serious disease. In addition to systemic and respiratory symptoms, several reports
have documented various neurological symptoms and impairments of mental health. The current review aims to
provide the available evidence about the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on mental health. The present data suggest
that SARS-CoV-2 produces a wide range of impairments and disorders of the brain. However, a limited number of
studies investigated the neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV-2. Although the main features and outcomes of
COVID-19 are linked to severe acute respiratory illness. The possible damages on the brain should be considered,
too.
The development of product formulations for the nutrition of young children is a complex and laborious task, the solution of which involves the calculation of the nutritional value of both individual components and the whole product. The article shows a step-by-step way of solving a particular example of designing a product recipe for feeding young children using the standard add-on “Solution Finder” of the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet processor. A special place in the article is given to the formation of a table with the source data. Uncertain factors in the calculation of the formulation are the mass fractions of the raw materials, which should be determined taking into account the objective function and a number of restrictions. Restrictions on the ratio of proteins, fats, carbohydrates and water were used as the main parameters for optimizing the formulations for the nutrition of young children, and the cost of the finished product was determined as a function of the goal. As a result of using the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet editor, the formula for the baby food with the specified properties was calculated taking into account the installed food components of the mixture, a number of limiting factors and the low cost of the finished product, equal to 98.9 RUB per 1 kg which corresponds to 1.4 Euro per 1 kg at the current exchange rate.
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