Purpose. To substantiate the regularities of the influence of climate change on the quality indicators of surface waters of the Dniester basin taking into account the influence of waste water of the oil and gas enterprise.methodology. The ecological assessment of the quality of surface waters affected by the discharge of waste water from the oil and gas enterprise of the Carpathian region was carried out by determining the integrated index of water objects quality potential. The statistical processing of the database of hydrochemical monitoring of surface water bodies of the Svicha river basin for the period of 2006-2015, databases of the meteorological data from the Dolyna meteorological station was conducted and followed by mathematical modeling and regression analysis using MatLab, TableCurve 2D programs.findings. The analysis of the state of hydroecosystems where the waste water was discharged was carried out. A three-dimensional model of air temperature changes in the Dolyna district in Ivano-Frankivsk region during 2006-2015 was obtained. Correlation-regression dependence of qualitative indicators of surface water taking into account climatic changes was established. As a result of the conducted research the authors obtained the following results: the dependences found for the Precarpathian rivers of the upper Dniester basin prove the hypothesis: within the range of average annual temperatures of reservoirs (8-11°C) and their increase by 1-2 °C during the last ten years with maintaining the trend in the future: global increase in the average annual air temperature leads to the intensification of the processes of self-cleaning of reservoirs. The indicator of biochemical oxygen consumption (BOD 5 ) was increasing at this time. The conducted regression analysis proves that there is a certain correlation between the quality of water on the basis of BOD 5 and the long-term changes in air temperature. The greater the pollution of the water object is, the more intense dependence gets.Originality. For the first time the functional regularities of the change of the complex index of the quality potential of water objects according to the change in the average monthly temperature of air on the basis of statistical analysis were obtained. For the first time a connection between a separate indicator of the water quality of a natural reservoir (on the example of BOD 5 ) within the influence on the surface hydroecosystem of discharges of waste water from the oil and gas enterprise and the global increase of the temperature was found.Practical value. The results of the study can be used for determining the priority problems of surface water, for further prediction of the impact of climate change on the water quality of the rivers Turianka, Sadzhava, Lushchava, which are within the influence zone of the oil and gas industry enterprises, and will promote the development of scientifically proved measures to ensure the environmental safety of surface water and prevention of emergency ecological situations in the Carpathian reg...
The purpose of this research is to assess the geography of visitors, problems and prospects for the growth of tourist flows of cultural and historical heritage on the example of Ivano-Frankivsk and Transcarpathian regions along the cross-border highway. The subject of the research is the analysis of the results of sociological research of historical and cultural heritage sites, assessment of the geography of visitors, problems and prospects for tourism flows, the state of use of cultural heritage sites in the studied region and their development as tourist attractions. The object of research is the system of tourist services provided by tourist sites of historical and cultural heritage, represented by historical and cultural reserves, museums, sacred buildings and other attractive cultural sites. The scientific novelty of the study is that development trends, problems, prospects for tourist flows in historical and cultural heritage of the Carpathian region of Ukraine were identified for the first time by analyzing the results of sociological research through a survey of a representative sample. Methodologically, according to the authors of the article, the study conducted with voluntary information from persons who work, manage or own a tourist facility is the most accurate, as it includes the expert assessment of persons who are permanently on the site. According to the results, the number of visits to most tourist sites does not exceed 5,000 people per year. The only facility that has received more than 100,000 visitors in the last two pandemic years is the attractive Hutsul Land in Bukovel. Geography of domestic tourists – the vast majority are tourists from Lviv, Ternopil, Ivano-Frankivsk, Kyiv region and the capital city (Kyiv). Geography of foreign visitors – the vast majority are tourists from Poland, Germany, USA, Hungary, Slovakia. More than half of the facilities in the survey are free for tourists, and the cost of a third of the facilities is not more than two dollars. The main problems for the growth of tourist flows are underdeveloped infrastructure as a significant barrier to the development of the tourist facility, insufficient finances for development; insufficient number of attractions within the facilities, insufficient number of cultural events held in tourist destinations. Insufficient advertising of a tourist sites closes the top five problems. Such data indicate the need to develop tourist facilities, provide management of institutions with more information about services and ways to increase the attractiveness of facilities and increase their monetization. The ways to solve the problems of the development of tourist facilities, according to their management, are the need for additional funding; solving problems with the infrastructure tourist destinations; the need to improve advertising; cooperation with tour operators, etc.
The aim of research was to investigate the theoretical and practical aspects of the buffer capacity of the recreational environment of the Carpathian region of Ukraine through the improvement of self-purification assessment on the example of natural-technogenic hydroecosystems. Studies of the self-purification process were carried out on the example of the right tributaries of the river Svicha in the Carpathian region, which are water intakes of wastewater from the oil and gas industry enterprise of Ivano-Frankivsk region. The main factors influencing the natural process of self-purification of natural watercourses are determined. As a result, the indicator of wastewater dilution intensity was improved with the substantiation of the proposed coefficients, which depend on the value of the river flow velocity and water temperature. A scale for assessing surface waters has been developed, that allows to determine the degree of natural self-purification of water from pollutants. Based on the results of the analysis of selected water samples, the pattern of self-purification of natural watercourses from oil products is obtained, which will allow to make forecast maps of the buffer capacity of the recreational environment of the Carpathian region. A regression analysis was performed, which proves the relationship between the content of petroleum products and the distance of their distribution from the source of pollution in the Lushchava River. Fisher's F-test was used to check the significance of the dependence. The reliability of the relationship between the indicators is confirmed by the coefficient of determination (D = r2), which is 0.96. Summarizing the results of the study the scale of estimation of natural self-purification of surface waters from pollutants depending on the calculated indicator of wastewater dilution intensity which’s criteria are the accounting for speed of a river flow and a temperature mode is offered. When establishing the range of n values, the average value of the calculated indicator of the intensity of wastewater dilution for the studied rivers, which is 4, was taken into account. As a result, the proposed scale of assessment of natural self-purification of surface waters allows to determine the degree of self-purification of the right tributaries of the river Svicha, which is necessary for further forecasting of water pollution in the Carpathian region.
The Carpathian region has a high tourist and recreational potential for the develop- ment of cultural and educational tourism for both domestic and foreign tourists. The purpose of this scientific work is to assess the attractiveness of the material objects of the historical and cultural heritage of the Carpathian region based on the results of the survey of respondents, which were obtained during a sociological study within the framework of the «Carpathian Cultural Route» project. The subject of the study is the analysis of the results of a questionnaire survey of respondents regarding the attractiveness of historical and cultural objects in the Ivano-Frankivsk and Transcarpathian regions. The object of the research is tourists who visited historical and cultural sites in the Ivano-Frankivsk and Transcarpathian regions. The originality of the study is that the authors for the first time assessed the attractiveness of material objects of the historical and cultural heritage of the Carpathian region by improving the criteria based on processing the answers of respondents to a questionnaire. As a result, 264 respondents over the age of 18 who visited historical and cultural sites and used tourist services in the Carpathian region gave answers. It was found that 92% of respondents from the total sample are citizens of Ukraine, 31.1% are people aged 30 to 39 years. The largest share of tourists recorded in the city of Ivano-Frankivsk, which is 22% of the total number of surveyed respondents, which indicates that tourists are most attracted by material objects of historical and cultural heritage in the regional city, in second place is Nadvirnyanskyi (Ivano-Frankivsk region) and Rakhiv districts (Transcarpathian ragion). The researchers evaluated the attractiveness of material objects of the historical and cultural heri- tage of the Ivano-Frankivsk and Transcarpathian regions according to 8 criteria, 6 of which are proposed by the authors of the study:cultural and historical value, pricing policy, recreational infrastructure, information availability (incl. in a foreign language), territo- rial accessibility to facilities, as well as service quality. As a result, the respondents gave the largest number of answers according to the rating «excellent» according to the criterion «emotional comfort», which was 70.1% of the surveyed tourists, the least – according to the indicator «information availability» (35%), which indicates the limited information about the historical – cultural objects of the Carpathian region. A list of the most popular historical and cultural objects of the Ivano-Frankivsk and Transcarpathian regions was compiled based on the answers of the respondents, and the main directions of further tourist trips were determined. Nadvirna, Verkhovyna districts and the city of Ivano-Frankivsk, which the surveyed respondents plan to visit in the future, made it to the top 3.
Представлено результати досліджень процесу розбавлення стічних вод, які надходять до правих приток річки Свічі басейну Дністра. Описано проблеми забруднення малих річок у межах впливу нафтогазової промисловості. Визначено чинники впливу на природний процес самоочищення річок. Обґрунтовано методику визначення кратності та інтенсивності процесу розбавлення стічних вод у річках Тур'янка, Саджава та Лущава. Проаналізовано статистичні дані екологічного моніторингу Долинського підприємства нафтогазової промисловості за період 2007–2016 рр. На основі щоквартальних даних відбору проб води обчислено середнє значення концентрацій хімічних елементів за рік у місці скиду стічних вод, 500 м вище та 500 м нижче випусків № 1, 2, 3, 4 Долинського підприємства нафтогазового комплексу. Внаслідок виявлено перевищення гранично допустимої концентрації за такими забруднювальними речовинами: хлориди, амоній сольовий, нітрити, азот амонійний та біохімічне споживання кисню (БСК5), за якими здійснено подальший розрахунок показника інтенсивності розбавлення стічних вод у річках Тур'янка, Саджава та Лущава. Зображено та проаналізовано динаміку зміни біохімічного споживання кисню на ділянці 500 м вище та 500 м нижче від місця чотирьох випусків стічних вод. Проведені розрахунки підтверджують закономірність: із збільшенням швидкості течії річки підвищується кратність розбавлення, а також свідчать про забруднення правих приток річки Свічі, природний процес самоочищення яких відбувається дуже повільно.
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