The current global economy faces pivotal changes in the system of its organization, which are essentially transforming relations between economic agents, government institutions, and the population of a particular country. Therefore, the study aims to quantitatively assess the level of transformations in the social, economic and political development of some European countries (Ukraine, France, Italy) using bifurcation theory for the period of 2000-2017. The proposed scientific and methodological approach to assessing the level of transformations in the social, economic and political development of a particular country involves the step-wise implementation: 1) the formation of an information base for the study, which involves collecting and testing statistical data for anomaly detection using the Irwin method, and selecting relevant indicators affecting the social, political and economic situation based on the principal component analysis; 2) the normalization of indicators of the political, economic and social situation using the Harrington’s approach; 3) the formation of integral indicators of the social, political and economic situation in the country based on the convolution of normalized indicators; 4) the determination of the dynamic properties of the social, political and economic situation in the country by constructing differential equations, which allows determining the existence of a bifurcation type (saddle, focus, node). The empirical study has shown that the indicator of stability of the political and social sphere of Italy was in disequilibrium and was subject to constant fluctuations. At the same time, the stability indicator of the social and economic component of Italy is characterized by an unstable state; and the external influence of negative factors will lead the system to imbalance. In Ukraine there is a stable political and economic and socioeconomic state of the system, i.e. negative impacts will lead the system to equilibrium and further positive development according to the components of the country. The development of the political and social sphere is characterized by the equilibrium state, and continues to develop according to the acquired tendency. The resulting methodological and practical developments will serve as a guide for the state authorities of the respective country for adjusting current macroeconomic policies and developing strategic plans for social and economic development.
Money laundering has become a global threat to the international stability and security, leading both to economic and social upheavals, and to an increase in terrorist threats. Therefore, an objective necessity arises for a more detailed study of the money laundering within the scope of its developmental patterns and time-dependent behaviour. The study mission is the development of a theoretical framework and methodological support for modelling the cyclic component of the money laundering risk. The correlation and regression are used for isolating the cyclic component. In turn, the Fourier harmonic analysis allows specifying the cyclic component. Additionally, we carried out a decomposition of time series, analysis of its volatility and persistence using the Hurst exponent. We determined the peaks, downturns and duration of the money laundering cycles in the developed economies and economies in transition, and established the possibility of predicting this process in the medium term. We proved the internationalization of the money laundering and the similarity of behaviour of trends that characterize it both for developed economies among themselves and between groups of countries. The further scientific research is needed within the framework of the imposition of trends in the development of the money laundering processes of some countries on others and the formation of international medium-term anti-fraud strategies.
Given the current integration processes of the world economies, the issue of economic security of the state is extremely acute. The openness of markets facilitates the free flow of resources but also threatens the rapid transfer of crisis phenomena from one economy to another. There is a need to develop an innovative methodological tool for assessing the level of economic security in the country based on the calculation of a generalized indicator that will serve as a benchmark in the formation of state economic policy in the context of ensuring its sustainable growth and countering internal and external threats. The methodological tools of the study are methods of normalization, Fishburn’s rule, multiplicative model. Assessment of economic security level in the article is carried out in the following logical sequence: formation of an extended list of indicators characterizing the economic security of the state; characteristics of indicators in terms of opportunities and risk; determining the priority of indicators in the summarizing indicator; bringing indicators to a single measurement system; calculation of the integral indicator of economic security by constructing a multiplicative model; qualitative interpretation of the integral indicator of economic security. The results of the selection of relevant factors influencing the economic security of the state revealed that the selected determinants confirm the hypothesis of financialization of all economic processes in Ukraine and the need for state regulation of the financial system in order to ensure economic security. Empirical calculations have shown that during 2008–2018, Ukraine's level of economic security can be assessed as medium or low, and its dynamics correlate with crisis processes in the financial and economic sector and exacerbation of political instability in the country. Taking into account the low level of economic security in Ukraine, the authors elaborated a set of measures to improve the state regulation of economic security within the institutional, procedural and functional elements of it, as well as substantiate the impact of the proposed innovations on the economic security of the state. The results of the research can be useful for governments in order to adequately respond to destabilizing factors in the national economy. Keywords: economic security, integral indicator, innovation, money laundering, state regulation
The development of innovation requires special knowledge from various management areas, as well as technological and intellectual support from the state. The study aims to assess the country's readiness to introduce innovative banking technologies. The methodological tools used for the study include bibliographic analysis, fuzzy logic, factor analysis, and the Brown-Mayer model.
Corruption in the health sector is unique because it includes abuse by public officials and unscrupulous behavior by other actors (drug manufacturers, health professionals, patients, etc.). The urgency of solving the scientific problem lies in the fact that financial relations in the medical field arise between a wide range of persons who can act as initiators of corruption decisions and/or their executors. The study’s main goal is to analyze the forms of corruption in the healthcare system and their consequences for society, as well as to assess the degree of interrelationship between the level of corruption and indicators of financial support in the healthcare sector. The methods of structural and comparative bibliometric analysis and correlation analysis became the methodical tools of the conducted research. The object of research is 140 countries in the world. The conducted bibliometric analysis testified to the permanent growth of the study of the issue of corruption in medicine in the scientific environment. Scientists from the United States, United Kingdom, and Germany have implemented the largest number of works on a certain topic. The conducted correlation analysis also empirically confirmed that an increase in the level of corruption in the country leads to an increase in the share of household expenses for financing their own medical needs. The article founds that the population in countries with a low level of corruption (the corruption promotion index is closer to 100) has a higher level of provision of vital medical services (reproductive health, health of women, newborns, and children, infectious diseases, non-infectious diseases and opportunities provision of services and access to them). Countries with a high level of anti-corruption and coverage of medical services include Finland, Sweden, Germany, and Great Britain. The results of the research can be useful for state regulatory bodies, specialized organizations in the field of health care, as well as public organizations.
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