Balancing of the tourism services’ development and natural environment’ opportunities is problem during anthropogenic effect is increasing. Migration of the population is increasing with the growing of the globalization process. As a result there is a duality in the development of tourist infrastructure and increasing the influence of tourists on ecology, changing of ecosystem. The article deals with the factors influencing the choice of tourists, tourist flows, analysis of the countries, where there is the greatest attendance of places of the rest. The correlation coefficient between indicators of environmental safety and tourists’ attendance is calculated. On the example of the Kyiv region, dynamic indicators and the relationship between emissions of harmful substances and environmental costs, as well as the number of tourists, were calculated. Three recreation areas on the Black Sea coast in the territory of three different countries are analyzed. Conclusions about different degrees of water’s and coastal area’s pollution and the Odessa coast’s pollution as a whole are made. Pollution of the Black Sea whole loch affects on the environment degradation of cross-border territories and tends to dampen the attractiveness for the recreation’s development of the sea rest. The analysis of pollutant emissions and the accumulated waste in the Odessa region is made and the anthropogenic effect on the coastal areas of the Black Sea region in Ukraine, Bulgaria and Romania is compared. The consequences of austerity on the environment preservation are explored and described. It leads to losses that are arise from decrease of the employability of local inhabitants and their diseases, of natural resources’ depletion, increasing of probability of natural disasters in the long term. In the article the conclusions about the effect of the tourists’ traffic and its’ influence on the ecology of the recreation areas and the slow anthropogenic impact on the new territories are made. The ways and solutions of modernization and reconstruction of the objects of the tourism infrastructure are suggested. They should to aim at increasing of the tourism’s traffic and enhance new and modern buildings of the recreation infrastructure.
Introduction. Modern development of socio-economic sector makes adjustments to market environment. Enterprises require expansion of their activities and feel necessity to diversify risks. Satisfaction of consumer needs is accompanied by introduction of innovations in various areas. Focusing on marketing 3.0, when market activity should not only ensure enterprise’s profitability, but also care about consumer and environment, is embracing more and more enterprises and becoming modern business responsibility. Therefore, the problem of social entrepreneurship research in context of sustainable development is becoming relevant and important. Aim and tasks. The main aim of this work is to formulate theoretical means for social entrepreneurship research, which should reveal peculiarities of tools to achieve global goals of sustainable development. To achieve this goal, the following tasks have been solved in this study: analysis of definitions and study the essence of “social entrepreneurship” concept; interconnection of social entrepreneurship goals with global goals of sustainable development and compliance with modern concept of marketing 3.0. Results. Research of “social enterprise” definition allows to define it as stable business structure, tended to self-development, which forms mechanism of social support and infrastructure development through close integration into social system. Social entrepreneurship is aimed at solving social problems and other goals of marketing 3.0. Social enterprise is considered in context of sustainable development, which is a concept that requires balance between satisfying current needs of people and protecting interests of future generations, ensuring their necessity for safe and healthy environment, and it must be able to contribute to global goals of sustainable development at local level. Conclusions. Social enterprises have become an acceptable mechanism for solving socio-economic problems, as they are developing and expanding new tools to achieve global goals of sustainable development at local level. Social entrepreneurship has opportunity to involve socially vulnerable groups in public life and expand citizens’ activity. Social entrepreneurship today is aimed at positive social changes and providing basic human needs in an optimal way.
The article is devoted to the problem of development of integration links between countries in the global space on the basis of the formation of trade and economic agreements. The role of regional integration processes in the world economy was described. The author's understanding of regional integration groupings is given. The evolution of international trade agreements has been determined. The leading regional integration groups in the system of global trade and economic relations reviewed. Indicators of the effectiveness of their trade and economic ties have been calculated. The stages of development of trade agreements in the world have been highlighted. On the basis of the cluster analysis, integration groups are divided into 4 groups, each of which has certain features of development. Integration groups have been found to evolve unevenly, with one cluster currently leading all the way but with a slight decline in their growth dynamics. At the same time, a cluster has been identified, the integration groups of which have the opportunity to become leaders in the future. Prospects for the development and strengthening of competitiveness in the global system of trade and economic relations have been identified for each of the selected clusters.
немченко в.в. д.е.н., професор, завідуючий кафедри обліку та аудиту Одеська національна академія харчових технологій колеснiкова к.с. к.е.н., доцент кафедри менеджменту та логістики Одеська національна академія харчових технологій Бондар в.а. к.е.н., старший викладач кафедри менеджменту та логістики Одеська національна академія харчових технологій
В статті аналізують проблеми розвитку ринку української зернової продукції з урахуванням зміни агропродовольчого балансу з зовнішньої торгівлі. Розглянуто в законодавстві ринок зерна як сфери для здійснення товарно-грошових операцій та можливості опціонної торгівлі зерном на Український універсальній біржі для забезпечення реалізації сільськогосподарської продукції за найвищою ціною на засадах законності, вільної конкуренції та недопущення проявів корупції. Розкрито логістичний підхід до організації інноваційної діяльності, що ґрунтується на системній комплексності економічних процесів, передбачає ефективну їх інтеграцію і створення логістичних систем і ланцюгів. Зазначено, що одним із перспективних напрямів логістичного розвитку ринку зернових є опціонна торгівля, за рахунок якої може покращитись міжнародна реакція на регіональний чи глобальний дефіцит. Визначено умови для розвитку торгівлі опціонами на зерно (врахування попиту та пропозиції на зернові культури; тенденції біржі та ф’ючерсних контрактів, ціни) і впливу загальних зернових державних запасів або дефіциту на ціну котирування.
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