The level of preparation of a row seeder for work and its adaptability to adjustments and settings affects the efficiency of sowing. Analysis of the designs of modern row seeders shows that after-sales service remains a reserve for improving the efficiency of their use, and, therefore, increasing the agricultural crop yields. However, the technologies for the preparation and adjustment row seeders remain poorly understood, and the search for ways to reduce the complexity of maintenance for sowing units is an urgent task. The aim of the study is to build a mathematical model of the technology for checking, adjusting and tuning a row seeder on the basis of graph theory, determining a way to reduce the complexity of servicing maintenance a row seeder in preparation for sowing and justifying a rational way of organizing the seeder setting. Taking into account a number of assumptions and initial conditions, a list of operations for adjusting and setting the seeder is developed. A digraph of a row seeder preparation technology is constructed, which displays the sequence and relationship of the operations of preparation, adjusting and sitting its nodes and mechanisms. The critical path with the greatest time spent on seeder maintenance is determined. The methods for reducing the complexity of maintenance of a row seeder were established and it is recommended that further modernization of the units and mechanisms of the seeder by indicators in terms of suitability for verification, adjustment and setup. The methods of preparing the seeder for work by one performer are considered. The influence of economic factors on the number of performers during maintenance of the seeder before sowing is shown.
The aim of the work: to establish the functional indicators of a cultivator unit based on a wheeled mobile power vehicle of traction class 1.4 when its driving wheels are equipped with tires of size 18.4R-38 of various models (206B, TM300S, VL-32). The increase in the performance indicators of the functioning of any machine-tractor unit depends largely on its working speed and the width of the grip, which implies the use of mobile energy means with high traction and energy indicators at the lowest level of dynamic processes in the links of the machine-tractor unit. For wheeled mobile power equipment, the achievement of high traction and energy indicators is determined by the properties of the tires of the driving wheels. Analysis of traction test data showed that the MTZ-80 tractor with VL-32 tires mounted on the propellers had the best traction performance compared to other tested models.
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