Este trabajo presenta una red neuronal artificial (RNA) para predecir el rendimiento académico estudiantil. Las RNAs emulan el funcionamiento fisiológico del cerebro humano, tienen la capacidad de procesar y abstraer información y son empleadas en investigaciones relacionadas con modelado predictivo debido a su capacidad para identificar relaciones no lineales entre variables. Se emplea una base de datos con información académica, demográfica, social e institucional de 395 estudiantes colombianos de media vocacional de la Institución Educativa Villa del Socorro, Medellín (Colombia). La base de datos es construida mediante la aplicación de encuestas e informes institucionales antes del inicio de la pandemia COVID-19. Los resultados muestran que la RNA desarrollada aquí clasifica adecuadamente el 73% de la muestra y que tiene un mejor desempeño en métricas (accuracy, recall, precision y F1-Score) que otras técnicas de aprendizaje supervisado. Se concluye que la predicción temprana del rendimiento académico permite formular estrategias didácticas y pedagógicas que hacen más eficiente el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje.

Working memory training may help children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but robust evidence from systematic reviews is lacking. Children with poor Working memory ability struggle with academic and cognitive work compared to similar-aged peers without working memory deficits. Besides, working memory is correlated with inattention and disorganization in those with ADHD. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effect of working memory training on symptoms and behaviors of children with ADHD. A search equation was proposed (ADHD OR attention deficit hyperactivity disorder AND working memory training), with twenty-four studies meeting the inclusion criteria in the Clarivate Analytics Web of Science Core Collection database. A bibliometric analysis was conducted to identify the importance of the research topic and a citation network was built to establish the lines of research. Finally, the citation network was exported to Gephi to visualize the research groups studying the topic. Findings suggest 3 lines of research: (a) Effects of working memory training on working memory, and academic performance in children with ADHD, (b) Effects of working memory training on executive functioning and child ADHD related symptoms, (c) Effects of working memory training on brain activity in child ADHD. Implications for clinical practice and school-based interventions are discussed

Anxiety affects men and women and have a negative impact on their lives. This paper presents two structural equation models (SEM) to evaluate the variables (physiological and cognitive), that most influenced the anxiety in men and women offenders of the law. Was used a representative sample of 60 offenders of the law (30 mens and 30 womens) of the Specialized Attention Center (SAC) “Carlos Lleras Restrepo” in Medellin, Colombia with diagnosis of Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD). The results of Bartlett's and KMO tests, indicated that the factorial analysis is adequate, all the constructs are statistically significant. The goodness-of-fit test indicated that the model fits well with the data. This paper concludes that, of the two constructs considered: physiological and cognition, in the men the construct that most influences the latent variable physiological are the “Palpitations or tachycardia”. The construct that most influences the latent variable cognitive is the “a feeling of instability”. In the women, the construct that most influences the latent variable physiological is the “dizziness or vertigo”. The construct that most influences the latent variable cognitive is “be afraid”.

The article presents a general model of crowdsourcing maturity (MGMC), focused on measuring the maturity of managerial, behavioral and technological aspects that support the activities of crowdsourcing in organizations. As methodology, it was used a systematic literature review, taking into account the low number of research publications and the low number of literature reviews prescribing practices of Crowdsourcing Maturity Models. It has been developed an assessment tool that accompanies this model to facilitate practical applications. The results of this study indicate that the maturity model developed can serve as a useful tool to describe and guide the efforts to implement such concept, providing a clear description of the current situation, and guidelines to follow. To assess its validity and improve generalization, future research can apply the Crowdsourcing Maturity Model proposal to different contexts

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) showed a broad executive function, as well as visual short-term, working memory (WM), and attention deficits. The inhibitory control and WM deficits may distinguish ASPD from other personality disorders. People with ASPD structure have deficiencies in the maturation of the prefrontal cortex which is evident in various neurocognitive problems, mainly in WM and social cognition (SC). In Colombia there is a high incidence of ASPD in young offenders, which makes the process of rehabilitation and resocialization more difficult. The aim of this paper was to develop a structural equation model (SEM) to identify the relationship between SC and intellectual quotient (IQ) in offenders with ASPD and make a comparative analysis by gender. A representative sample of 120 offenders was used (60 men and 60 women) of a Specialized Attention Center (SAC) in Medellin, Colombia. This paper concludes that there is a higher correlation between SC and IQ in women offenders with ASPD (σxy = 0.62) than in male offenders with ASPD (σxy = 0.54). Epidemiologists suggest that women have a high prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders, which can be explained by internalized behavioral management. In general, men show a higher prevalence of disorders associated with impulse control through externalizing behavioral management. This shows that ASPD has been studied more in men and that ASPD profiles in women are lacking due to its low prevalence. Based on the results of the model developed, a neurocognitive profile of men and women with ASPD is presented.

: La memoria de trabajo (MT) es un proceso cognoscitivo esencial para la adquisición de aprendizajes en lectura, escritura y cálculo, permite el adecuado procesamiento de los estímulos del medio; las personas con dislexia (DLX) presentan alteraciones en este proceso neurocognitivo, principalmente en la manipulación de información verbal.  El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la relación entre MT, memoria verbal, memoria viso/verbal, nivel de conciencia, control mental y memoria semántica en una muestra de 130 escolares con diagnóstico de DLX. Para identificar la relación entre las variables mencionadas, se construyó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (MEE) en el software RCran 4.0.4, haciendo uso de los resultados obtenidos en las pruebas psicométricas aplicadas; WISC-IV, Memoria viso/verbal, Memoria verbal y Curva de Memoria de Wechsler. Se concluye que las personas con DLX presentan deficiencias en diversos dominios de la memoria, la estimulación neuropsicológica de este proceso es fundamental para garantizar el progreso escolar de la población con este trastorno del neurodesarrollo.

El Trastorno Especifico del Aprendizaje (TEAPZ) corresponde a una alteración de origen biológico, que se interpone en el desarrollo de habilidades académicas en lectura, escritura y cálculo, persistentes a lo largo del ciclo vital. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar las características de los procesos cognoscitivos de la atención y funciones ejecutivas (FE) en el TEAPZ, a través del desarrollo de una revisión sistemática de literatura (RSL) empleando la metodología propuesta por Pati y Lorusso (2018), con el objetivo de responder la siguiente pregunta de investigación: P1 ¿Cuáles son las características de la atención y de las FE en el TEAPZ?. El período de búsqueda estuvo comprendido entre el año 2014 y 2021. Se revisaron las bases de datos científicas; Scopus y WoS. Se concluye que el diagnóstico del TEAPZ en el proceso cognoscitivo de la atención se asocia a dificultades en la búsqueda, rastreo visual y velocidad de procesamiento, en las FE existen déficits en la planificación, control inhibitorio y memoria de trabajo. Palabras Claves: atención, discalculia, disgrafía, dislexia y funciones ejecutivas.

The continuous growth of ICT in the last decade is transforming the traditional model of teaching and learning based on face-to-face master classes. Today there are virtual online educational platforms that allow students and teachers to interact virtually and use multimedia resources from any mobile device or computer with Internet access. The transition from presence to virtuality can generate resistance to change, this situation must be analyzed to take strategies that allow the effective implementation of virtual educational platforms by teachers and students. The aim of this paper was to identify the aspects that influence the use behavior of learning management systems (LMS), based on data from an online survey sent to 250 students of systems engineering. This research analyzes the impact of five constructs; platform operation, planning and scheduling, teaching program contents, methodology and competencies of teachers, communication and interaction and allocation and use of media resources with use behavior. This paper concludes that the platform operation, planning and scheduling, communication and interaction, the allocation and use of media resources are the constructs that more influence the use behavior of LMS regardless teaching program contents and competencies of teachers.