BackgroundMore than 1.2 million new cases of colorectal cancer are reported each year worldwide. Despite actual screening programs, about 50% of the patients are diagnosed at advanced tumor stages presenting poor prognosis. Innovative screening tools could aid the detection at early stages and allow curative treatment interventions.MethodsA nine target multiplex serum protein biochip was generated and evaluated using a training- and validation-set of 317 highly standardized, liquid nitrogen preserved serum samples comprising controls, adenomas, and colon cancers.ResultsSerum levels of CEA, IL-8, VEGF, S100A11, MCSF, C3adesArg, CD26, and CRP showed significant differences between cases and controls. The largest areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve were observed for CEA, IL-8, and CRP. At threshold levels yielding 90% specificity, sensitivities for CEA, IL-8 and CRP were 26%, 22%, and 17%, respectively. The most promising marker combinations were CEA + IL-8 reaching 37% sensitivity at 83% specificity and CEA + CRP with 35% sensitivity at 81% specificity. In an independent validation set CEA + IL-8 reached 47% sensitivity at 86% specificity while CEA + CRP obtained 39% sensitivity at 86% specificity. Early carcinomas were detected with 33% sensitivity for CEA + IL-8 and 28% for CEA + CRP.ConclusionsApart from CEA, IL-8, and CRP, the screening value of additional blood markers and the potential advantage of combining serum biochip testing with fecal occult blood testing needs to be studied. Multiplex biochip array technology utilizing serum samples offers an innovative approach to colorectal cancer screening.
We conclude that three freeze-thaw cycles modulated serum marker levels significantly, but do not compromise biochip diagnostic performance. For our marker panel, serum preservation at -80°C seems comparable to -170°C; however, storage at -80°C could lead to misdiagnosis. Our findings emphasize the need for standardized sample collection, processing, storage, and reporting.
1RA mspa1 11100 was determinate in 19 healthy women and in 50 women with cervical cancer from the Occident of Mexico. We found statistical differences in IL-1a-889 C/T, with a higher frequency of the allele T in cervical cancer women compared with healthy controls, with a p = 0.0199, and OR of 4.099 and CI 95% 1.161-14.47; beside we found the CC genotype predominantly in healthy women p = 0.0255 and CT genotype with p = 0.0481 than women with cervical cancer. We did not found statistical differences in the others polymorphisms. The T allele of IL-1-889 has been implicated in the increase of the expression and production of this cytokine in different studies and could participate in the chronic inflammation that has been associated with the progress to cervical cancer.
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