Introduction: Human health and lifestyle are influenced by many risk factors and living conditions. The purpose of the study was to analyze lifestyle and health characteristics of students during traditional and compelled distance learning. Materials and methods: We conducted a questionnaire-based survey of 300 students (years 2, 4, and 6) of the Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko. The questionnaire was specially developed by the authors and included questions about physical activity of medical students, their compliance with Coronavirus lockdown rules, sleep and rest, daily routine, diet, addiction to bad habits, and self-rated health during traditional and distance learning. Results and discussion: The study was conducted stepwise. We observed better self-discipline in following a stay-at-home order among junior students compared to their senior fellows. The period of compelled distance learning caused a decrease in physical activity of students, regardless of the year, with the exception of persons regularly engaged in physical exercises. The average daily walking distance of the respondents dropped from 5.35 km to 1.36 km in those observing the lockdown rules and to 3.15 km in those violating them. We established the relationship between distance learning and changes in sleep patterns, nutrition, and daily routine. We also revealed nutrition disorders leading to a weight gain and ranked bad habits related to transition to an unusual e-learning. A statistically significant worsening of self-rated health of the respondents was demonstrated. Conclusion: Distance learning during the spring semester of 2020 raised a number of novel questions regarding a wide variety of aspects of the educational process, lifestyle, nutrition, sleep, and rest.
Purpose. The research goal comprises primary analysis of CT examinations results and their interpretation by comparing with the data already available in the literature.Material and methods. During the period from April 17, 2020 to May 18, 2020, 830 chest CT scans were performed and results of 123 CDs with CT scans made by other institutions were interpreted. Follow-up examinations were carried out every 3–4 days or when clinical presentation changed. At the primary stage, we have analysed in a more detail way a group of 69 patients, who were diagnosed with CT-3 or CT-4 volume of lung damage at least once during hospitalization. The patients underwent PCR analysis three times during hospitalization. Among 69 patients, 34 patients had a positive PCR test at least once, the remaining 35 patients had a clinic, corresponding with this disease.Results. At the initial examination, ground-glass opacity prevailed, as it was observed in 44 cases (64%), and lung tissue consolidation was observed in 25 cases (36%) in a group of 69 patients. When comparing the two groups, the average age of the patients with consolidation changes was statistically significantly lower than one of the group where ground-glass opacity prevailed – 51.7 and 59.4 years, respectively (p = 0.01) In the group of patients with pulmonary tissue consolidation, there were fewer concomitant diseases, fatal outcomes, positive PCR test results, a shorter hospitalization period, and fewer cases of tocilizumab administration were noted. At the initial examination the average percentage of pulmonary parenchyma involvement in the group of patients with lung tissue consolidation was higher (63.3%; p = 0.04), follow-up examinations showed c statistically significantly lower average values of the increase in the percentage of involvement of the parenchyma, which acquired negative values after the third CT scan (8.3 after the 2nd CT and −5.2 after the 3rd CT versus 18.5 and 3 in the GGO glass group; p = 0.02 and 0.03, respectively). No visible differences in CT between the period from the onset of the disease and the predominant symptom in CT were revealed. Meanwhile, on the 5th day (the day of the check-up CT examination) the largest number of patients was determined in both groups.Conclusion. An analysis of our experience during the first month of operation of Covid-19 Hospital is presented. According to our data, the appearance of consolidation at the initial CT examination is probably not related to the period, when the disease has been in progress, and may be associated with a more favorable course of the process.
The article provides an analysis of a large-scale epidemic outbreak caused by human coronaviruses. The epidemiological situation in the world and the Russian Federation is analyzed, which forced specialists to significantly increase the level of epidemiological danger from coronaviruses. The epidemic situations of the incidence in six regions of the Central Black Earth Region are described, the dynamics and regional features of the spread and nature of the course of the new coronavirus infection Covid-19 are generalized and systematized. Some epidemiological aspects of this infection in the territory of the Voronezh region are described. The dynamics of the epidemic process is described and a number of epidemiological indicators are analyzed (daily increase in morbidity and mortality, distribution of the duration of lethal diseases, risk groups, etc.). The clinical and epidemiological features of the combined forms of infections are analyzed: the prevalence of a moderate course, the risk of complications in risk groups. The difficulty of verifying this infection from other viral infections based on the clinical picture, the high virulence and severity of the course has been established. It was shown that the mobilization of health care to combat coronavirus infection revealed the main thing: the health care system has resources and mechanisms through which it is possible to quickly switch to work in extreme conditions. New hospitals and beds, re-equipment with diagnostic and resuscitation equipment, accelerated retraining of doctors. All this was effective evidence that an adequate potential supply of resources will not only reduce the consequences of possible epidemics in the future, but also during the period outside the epidemic will help accelerate the adoption of effective decisions and improve the quality of medical care for the population.
The aim of the study was to assess the readiness of students of a medical university to use distance learning technologies. For this, the staff of the Department of Hygiene of the Pediatric Faculty of the Russian National Research Medical University named after V.I. N.I. Pirogov, questionnaires were developed and distributed through an online service. The study involved 508 people studying at the Russian National Research Medical University named after V.I. N.I. Pirogov and FSBEI HE SSMU. Statistical processing was carried out using Statistica 13.0. 45% of the respondents rated their skill in using electronic devices as “high” and 53% as “basic”. 17.0% of students noted that they experienced a state of stress. Possible causes of stress reactions could be the following facts: 22.0% of respondents worsened interpersonal relationships between fellow students, 23.4% worsened relations with teachers, 13.0% noted a deterioration in health. As a form of quality control of knowledge assimilation, the most widespread (in 91.9% of cases) was the online test control, which in 41.5% of cases was supplemented by an oral interview with a teacher. 74.4% of the respondents were satisfied with the form of knowledge control. The respondents rated the work of the teaching staff at 3.9 ± 0.04 out of 5 possible, the total number of negative assessments was 30.0%. The high readiness of students of a medical university to use distance learning technologies is shown. Careful attention should be paid to identifying persons who have difficulties in adapting to the use of distance learning technologies and work on the formation of health-related competencies in students, which they can implement both in full-time and distance learning.
The problems of migration are becoming increasingly important and have primary impact on women’s and children’s health. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of migration factor on the establishment of menstrual function in girls. The study enrolled 1,222 female undergraduate students of Moscow universities, born in 1995–2000, of diverse ethnicity. The data were collected in 2015–2020 by questionnaire method. The main group included 322 students classified as migrants and the comparison group included 900 students of local origin (Muscovites). Statistical processing of the data was carried out using Statistica 10.0 package (StatSoft; USA). Mean age at menarche constituted 151.35 ± 1.20 months in migrants and 150.88 ± 1.06 months in Muscovites (p > 0.05). For all participants, menarcheal age fell within the range of 11–15 years (normal). Other parameters of menstrual function were also similar between the groups and comparable to corresponding data collected in other countries.
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