Soil and crop management such as chemical fertilizer applications hurt the soil’s biological quality and productivity. The most well-known organic fertilizer such as animal manure, compost and mycorrhizal fungi are significantly contributing to soil organic carbon sink and consequently, organic fertilizers have a positive effect on the soil biological diversity and productivity. To increase soil carbon content, long-term organic fertilizer applications increase soil carbon budget hypothesis was tested under field conditions. The aim is to investigate the effects of different organic and inorganic fertilizer applications on the soil and wheat plant carbon and nitrogen content. A long-term field experiment was established in 1996 until the present time. In 2018, before cultivation control, Mineral fertilizer (NPK), Animal manure (25 ton ha-1), Compost (25 ton ha-1) and Compost+Mycorrhiza (10 ton ha-1) were applied. Adana-99 varieties of wheat seeds were sown. After harvest, soil and plant samples were taken and soil-plant carbon-nitrogen analyses were made. Results show that C % and N % contents of the plant seed, shoot, and root have higher concentrations than that of the control treatment. When the TC %, OC %, and N % contents of the soil at different depths (0-15 cm and 15-30 cm) and in the rhizosphere (R) and no rhizosphere (NR) area were examined, compost and animal manure treatments have higher content. At the rhizosphere area 0-15 cm depth the soil % OC, and % IC contents were statistically significant. The highest values of soil OC %, C: N and IC % contents at Rhizosphere 0-15 cm depth were obtained in animal manure with 2.94 %, 10.06, and 3.90 % respectively. Organic fertilizers application increased soil TC %, OC % and N% contents as well as contribute to the carbon and nitrogen budget. The results found support our hypothesis.
A Long-term field experiment was established at the University of Çukurova, Research and Application field of Agriculture Faculty on soil of Arıklı series at 1998. Four P doses such as; 0 (P0) as control, 50 (P50), 100 (P100) as well as 200 kg P2O5 ha-1 (P200) were applied with tree replications. Wheat of Adana-99 species (Triticum aestivum L.) seeds were sown in November 2018 and harvested at May 2019. After harvesting, plant sample and soil samples under different depth and places (0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depth in Rhizosphere and Non-Rhizosphere) were taken. Root, shoot and seed part of wheat and soil C and N sample analyzed by Fisher 2000 model CN analyzer. The Organic Carbon (OC) and Total N (TN) pools were calculated by Ortas and Lal, 2012. Obtained data statistically analyzed and LSD test were realized by JMP 8 computer package program. There was statistically significant difference as N% and C% concentration under P200 doses application. The heights C% and N% concentration was determined with P200 treatment. Also, there was statistically significant different as soil OC amount in Rhizosphere 0-15 soil depth in P 200 doses treatment in which the highest carbon content 46.1 Mg ha-1 was determined. In addition, soil total nitrogen was determined and the highest N was measured in 0-15 cm soil depth. Soil C:N ratio changing from 6.1 to 10.3 and the highest C:N ratio was determined in Non-Rhizosphere 15-30 cm soil depth. Under long-term field conditions, depending on increasing doses P fertilizer wheat plant growth and increased plant N and C concentration. Also, soil OC and TN amount were increased. It seems that the addition of P dose application increased biomass and consequently plant and soil C content. This is supporting our hypothesis.
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