Kronos is a signal-processing programming language based on the principles of semifunctional reactive systems. It is aimed at efficient signal processing at the elementary level, and built to scale towards higher-level tasks by utilizing the powerful programming paradigms of “metaprogramming” and reactive multirate systems. The Kronos language features expressive source code as well as a streamlined, efficient runtime. The programming model presented is adaptable for both sample-stream and event processing, offering a cleanly functional programming paradigm for a wide range of musical signal-processing problems, exemplified herein by a selection and discussion of code examples.
This article presents a method for programming musical signal-processing circuits visually, using expressive idioms and abstractions from functional programming. Special attention is paid to the creative workflow, framing the education in a constructionist context. Our aim is to empower musicians in signal processing: The claim was tested in a university workshop for relatively inexperienced programmers. The participants were able to study and implement signal-processing algorithms from literature and integrate them into their preexisting workflow, and appeared to gain self-confidence while doing so.
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