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This paper describes the evolution of the thermal network and its applications for making simplified thermal models of buildings by means of thermal resistances (R) and capacitances (C). In the literature, there are several modelling schemes for buildings. Here, we investigate the advantages, disadvantages, and improvements of thermal networks. The thermal network method has been used in different studies for calculating indoor air temperature and heating load, estimating model parameters, and studying building interactions with heating and cooling systems. This review paper conducts an investigation into the application, system identification, and structure of thermal networks compared to other tools. Within the framework of the thermal network method, we conclude with some new proposals for research in this field to expand the idea of the thermal network to other engineering and energy management fields.

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