The Covid-19 pandemic requires almost all human activity to shift to digital media, including education services. Now, education services must adapt to online learning methods. This change is a challenge for Indonesian education, which must also prepare students to adapt to face the challenges of the era of Society 5.0. This study aims to obtain information about online learning from home during the Covid-19 pandemic at the junior, senior, vocational, and university levels in Indonesia. Researchers also analyzed the differences in the mastery of learning technology in students and educators. This study used a questionnaire distributed via Google forms to students and educators using Facebook, e-mail, and WhatsApp Group (WAG). The total sample in this study was 108 educators and 386 students. From the independent sample t-test test, the following results were obtained: the mastery ability of MS office software and online learning technology in students was higher than students with significant differences; there was no significant difference between teacher and lecturer perceptions regarding the role of learning technology in the classroom and on the educational process of students. The success of online learning was highly dependent on several integrated components, such as students, educators, learning resources, and the technology used. The researcher also found several disadvantages of online learning, such as student discipline, lack of internet access, and lack of social interaction, common challenges for educational organizations and stakeholders.

The research aims to examine the impact of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial motivation on the success of the food and beverage (F&B) sector’s micro and small enterprises (MSEs). The sample was selected using purposive sampling techniques from 267 MSE owners in the F&B businesses in Madiun City, Madiun Regency, and Magetan Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The test results of the hypothesis showed that: (1) partially, self-efficacy entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial motivation are significantly positive on business success in micro and small F&B businesses in East Java, Indonesia; (2) entrepreneurial motivation acts as a partial mediation of the influence of self-efficacy entrepreneurship on the business success of micro and small businesses in the field of food and beverage in East Java, Indonesia; abd (3) simultaneously, self-efficacy entrepreneurship and the influence of entrepreneurial motivation are significantly positive on business success in micro and small businesses in the food and beverage fields of East Java, Indonesia. The results showed that self-efficacy and motivation in entrepreneurship are necessary because they affect business success, particularly in micro and small F&B businesses in Indonesia. Further research can explore other factors that influence business success by expanding the research area and other types of creative industry businesses. Further research could explore other factors influencing business success by expanding research areas, such as entrepreneurial leadership and innovative work behavior.

One of the important factors that can affect employee performance (EP) is the employee’s perception of organizational justice (OJ) in the workplace and the employee’s willingness to carry out the employee’s primary role (in the role) optimally and the employee’s willingness to carry out tasks outside the employee’s primary job (extra-role), commonly called organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). OCB is divided into two dimensions: OCB at the individual level (OCBI) and OCB at the organizational level (OCBO). In educational organizations, the OCB of teachers is a strategic matter, so it needs to be a concern for school management if schools want to continue to survive and develop in the era of globalization characterized by changes in a dynamic and competitive environment. OCB from teachers can be said to be a form of teacher gratitude because the school has supported the welfare of teachers a lot, appreciates the contributions of teachers, and feels organizational justice practiced by the school. The respondents to the study were 820 full-time teachers from high schools and vocational high schools spread across several regions in East Java Province and Central Java Province, Indonesia, who were taken using convenient sampling techniques. This study aims to analyze: (1) the effect of OJ on OCBI and OCBO; (2) the direct effects of OJ and indirect effects on EP with OCBI and OCBO as mediation. Data analysis used the structural equation model (SEM) and Sobel test. The results of hypothesis testing show that: (1) OJ can significantly improve OCBI; (2) OJ can significantly improve OCBO; (3) the OJ was found to have a significant positive effect on EP; (4) OCBI can significantly improve EP; (5) OCBO can significantly improve EP; (6) OCBI partially mediates the influence of OJ on EP; (7) OCBO partially mediates the influence of OJ on EP. The results of this study explain the essential aspects of behaviour in the workplace, such as OJ, OCB, and EP, with a particular focus on high schools and vocational high schools in several regions in East Java Province and Central Java Province, Indonesia. The results showed that improving the EP of teachers can be achieved by organizational management through OJ practices in the work environment as well as organizational management efforts in improving the OCB of employees, considering that employees play an essential role in improving organizational performance.

The maximum performance of the teachers is a strategic key for schools to realise the objectives of their organisations. This study aimed to provide empirical evidence regarding several essential factors that affect teacher performance, i.e. servant leadership, work engagement, and extra-role behaviour. Besides, this study also investigated the direct and indirect effects of servant leadership behaviour on improving the performance of permanent teachers in high schools and vocational high schools of the cities in East Java and the eastern part of Central Java. Using the t-test and path analysis with the p-values < 0.050 and all t-values > 2.000, the results obtained was that the practice of servant leadership principals directly and positively affects work engagement, extra-role behaviour, and teacher performance. The results of the tests proved that extra-role behaviour and employee performance could be improved through the practice of servant leadership and increased work engagement.

Organizations have long been interested in how employees think and feel his work and what causes employees are willing to dedicate themselves to the organization. The researchers found a variable motivational leadership style that leads to the formation of positive attitudes of the officials who in turn can improve employee job performance. The objective of this research are to study the effect integrative leadership on  organizational justice, employee engagement, and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), with teachers at SMA/SMK/MAN/MAS di kota Madiun as respondents. This research used the quantitative approach with the survey method. The samples of this research were 409 teachers, selected non-randomly. The data were obtained by distributing questionnaires and analyzed by using the descriptive statistics and path analysis in inferential statistics. The results of the research can be concluded that: integrative leadership has a positive significant effect on organizational justice; integrative leadership significant positive effect on employee engagement; integrative leadership significant positive effect on employee engagement on OCB.