Objetivo- Explorar as percepções culturais subjacentes ao conceito de masculinidade sobre o consumo de álcool e o risco potencial de câncer por homens lusófonos. Metodologia- Sondagem quanti-qualitativa anônima online pela plataforma Opinio (Maio 2018-Março 2019). Resultados- Respondentes vivendo no Brasil, Canadá, Portugal e USA (n=184) indicaram que o consumo do álcool integra a identidade cultural masculina principalmente como percebida por 89% dos respondentes brasileiros. A ocupação profissional de maior tendência para o consumo do álcool é a construção civil (23.2%) e seu consumo foi percebido por 17.5% dos respondentes como sendo parte da vida dos estudantes masculinos, enquanto que o desemprego ou a instabilidade no trabalho foram relatados por 17.5% como relacionados ao contexto de vida masculina. A análise temática foi guiada pelos temas: Práticas particulares do consumo alcoólico segundo a percepção de masculinidade no contexto etnocultural lusófono; e, Tendências do consumo alcoólico influenciado pela origem etnocultural, pressão social, e resposta aos fatores estressantes como risco potencial para o câncer. Conclusão- Respondentes recomendaram a maior acessibilidade dos resultados de pesquisa demonstrando a relação entre consumo de álcool e maior risco para o desenvolvimento de câncer como fator de desmistificação da inocuidade do álcool em relação ao câncer. A pesquisa multidisciplinar e aquela conjunta entre a Enfermagem do Trabalho e a Oncológica podem redirecionar políticas preventivas do câncer aos homens. Esforços futuros devem incluir ações tanto no âmbito individual como no coletivo, com medidas para atuação sobre os fatores de risco que podem aumentar o risco de câncer.
Objective: To understand the underlying cultural effects of masculinity on alcohol consumption and the associated risk for cancer. Method: An exploratory online survey. Data was collected (2018-2019) from 176 men living in 9 countries who responded to an online survey in English, French, Italian, Portuguese, or Spanish. Socio-demographic data and responses to close-ended questions were compiled as descriptive statistics. Responses to the open-ended questions were analyzed using thematic analysis with the pre-established themes: alcohol consumption and its acceptance for men in respondents’ ethno-cultural groups; and thoughts about scientific evidence concerning the consumption of alcohol in high concentration and heightened risk of cancer. Results: Most respondents were under 30 years of age (33.7%). Results across the linguistic sub-samples indicate that among 10 statements, alcohol consumption is part of most students’ life (18.8%), it facilitates acceptance in social groups (16.9%), and it is not repressed at social gatherings (16.6%). Construction (27.5%) was the top among professions in which alcohol consumption is most common. Among situational factors related to alcohol consumption, respondents chose stress (18.1%), unemployment or unstable job (18.0%), and financial trouble (17.9%). Perceptions of acceptance of alcohol consumption are influenced by traditional masculinity-related values, beliefs, and behaviors and the acknowledged lack of cancer literacy were revealed as conditions promoting a risk for cancer. Conclusion- Alcohol consumption is normalized to a certain extent among men of different ages and backgrounds. Evidence informs policymakers and health promoters as they develop legislation and programming to limit unhealthy behavior related to alcohol consumption.
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