Objective: to analyze the epidemiological and clinical features of acute respiratory infections occurring during the St. Petersburg 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 epidemic seasons.Materials and methods: the study included 457 patients, treated in St. Petersburg clinics from 2017–2019, displaying symptoms of acute respiratory infection (ARI), including evaluation of their clinical histories. Pathogen types were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Data analysis was carried out using mathematical statistics methods using the Statistica 10 software package (StatSoft Inc.).Results: in this study, we examined the epidemiological and clinical features of acute respiratory infections in St. Petersburg occurring during two epidemic seasons, 2017–2018 and 2018–2019. The 2017–2018 season was characterized by a prevalence of infections caused by influenza B viruses and influenza A subtype H3N2 viruses. In the 2018–2019 season, there was a greater number of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVIs) and infections caused by influenza A subtype H1N1pdm; influenza B virus was detected only in isolated cases. In the 2017–2018 sore throats and muscle aches were a characteristic symptom of influenza A H1N1pdm infections, of bacterial infections – only sore throats. It was shown that throat pain and vasodilation of the scleral and soft palate vessels were significantly more frequent in the 2017–2018 season, compared to the 2018–2019 season. Cough and redness of the posterior pharyngeal wall were hallmark signs of ARVIs in the 2018–2019 season.Conclusion: according to the data, each epidemic season is characterized not only by its own type-specific acute respiratory infection frequencies, but also by different clinical manifestation frequencies. For global monitoring, treatment effectiveness evaluation, and refined study of acute respiratory infection clinical features, it is advisable to use approaches which incorporate accurate, specific, and rapid molecular biological methods capable of identifying a broad range of pathogens.
ФГБУ «Научно-исследовательский институт гриппа» Минздрава России, 197376, г. Санкт-Петербург В работе изучена этиологическая структура гриппа и других ОРВи в Санкт-Петербурге и Ленинградской области, установлена их доля в течение 4 эпидемических сезонов. Показана сезонность некоторых респираторных вирусов и обозначены пики циркуляции респираторно-синцитиального (РС) вируса, аденовируса, вирусов парагриппа, риновируса, бокавируса, метапневмовируса и коронавируса. Прослежено взаимовлияние вирусов гриппа А и РС-вирусов, РС-вирусов и риновирусов. Выявлен высокий уровень заболеваемости аденовирусной инфекцией в организованных коллективах и РС-вирусной инфекцией у детей. К л ю ч е в ы е с л о в а: вирусы гриппа; острые респираторные вирусные инфекции; ПЦР-диагностика; эпидемический сезон. The etiological structure of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections including their rate of incidence in St. Petersburg and Leningrad region during 4 epidemic seasons has been studied. Seasonality of some respiratory viruses was shown and peaks of circulation of RSV, adenovirus, parainfluenza viruses, rhinovirus, bocavirus, metapneumovirus and coronavirus were marked. The interference of influenza A viruses and RSV, RSV and rhinoviruses was highlighted. A high incidence of adenovirus infection in organized communities and RSV infection in children was revealed. K e y w o r d s: Influenza viruses; acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI); PCR diagnostics; epidemic season. For citation: Pisareva M.M., Eder V.A., Buzitskaya Zh.V., Musaeva T.D., Afanaseva V.S., Go A.A., Obraztsova E.A., Sukhovetskaya V.F., Komissarov A.B. Etiological structure of influenza and other ARVI in St. Petersburg during epidemic seasons Information about authors: Pisareva M.M., http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1499-9957Eder V.A., http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-3325 Buzitskaya Zh.V., http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8394-102X Musaeva T.D., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3050-1936 Afanasieva V.S., http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2887-0126 Sukhovetskaya V.F., http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1566-7137 Komissarov A.B., http://orcid.org/Для корреспонденции: Писарева Мария Михайловна, канд. биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной вирусологии ФГБУ «НИИ гриппа» Минздрава России, 197376, г. Санкт-Петербург.
The contribution of adenovirus (AV) infections to the overall structure of acute viral respiratory infections among young people of draft age can reach as high as 64.6%. Wide dissemination, the incidence of AV-associated pneumonias and lethal outcomes in the case of some complicated infections illustrate the urgency of studying the antigenic diversity of AVs circulating among the military. 991 nasopharyngeal swabs from patients hospitalized in military health facilities with symptoms of acute respiratory infections from 2014 to 2017 were detected by real-time PCR. Sanger sequencing was performed using forward and reverse primers matching the fiber gene. AVs were detected in 326 samples. In 80 of those, AVs were present in combination with other respiratory viruses, as follows: 26 with respiratory syncytial viruses (RSV), 49 with rhinoviruses, 2 with bocaviruses, 1 with RSV and rhinovirus, 1 with parainfluenza virus, and 1 with metapneumovirus. 31 samples were sequenced. Thirty AVs belonged to group E (serotype 4), and 1 AV belonged to group B (serotype 7).
BACKGROUND: Respiratory viruses circulate everywhere. Problem of pandemic respiratory virus SARS-CoV-2 is especially relevant. The understanding of level of circulation of different viruses can help in developing a strategy of respiratory viruses combat. AIM: To compare circulation of respiratory viruses during different seasons. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PCR-diagnostic. RESULTS: The most common viruses before the pandemic were influenza and respiratory syncytial viruses. COVID-19 pandemic season 2020/2021 had significant difference from previous epidemic seasons. Influenza viruses have largely disappeared, but the circulation of seasonal coronavirus and metapneumovirus has increased. The circulation of rhinovirus remained at the same level. CONCLUSIONS: The emergence of pandemic SARS-CoV-2 virus had a significant impact on some respiratory viruses circulation, such as influenza or respiratory syncytial viruses.
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