The Level of Supervision Inventory (LSI), an objective risk evaluation instrument based on social learning theory, was administered to 526 provincially incarcerated adult females. The average LSI score was 15.5, compared to average scores ranging from 20.9 to 25.1 for samples of provincially incarcerated adult males from the same jurisdiction. Data on three outcome measures were collected over a 39-month period. Use of LSI scores for prediction produced relative improvement over chance scores for 1-and 2year recidivism, parole failure, and halfway house noncompliance ranging from 54.5% to 71.5%. Across all types of discharge, offenders defined by the LSI as high risk were consistently more likely to fail on release than were low-risk offenders. Recommended cutoff scores for low- and high-risk female offenders are given, and the implications for classification and rehabilitation are explored.

164 male and female young offenders were given the Young Offender Level of Service Inventory. Scores from this 76-item risk assessment were used to produce a matched sample of 82 female and 82 male young offenders. Sex did not influence the 1-yr, criminal recidivism rate, a result consistent with other findings.

A descriptiveframeworkfor the context analysis of sexualfantasies was developed by examination of the verbatim reports of fantasies of sexual offenders and non-sexual offenders. Twenty-two fantasy themes, subsumed under five major categories of sexual fantasies, were identified. Application of the scale to a sample of fantasies elicited from 103 offenders revealed differences in the frequency of occurrence of various fantasy themes and categories between the sex offenders and non-sex offenders. In addition to demonstrating the diversity of the content of erotic imagery, the study results suggest that the scale may have use in the discrimination of differences relevant to the understanding of sexual deviancy.

This article presents 13 hypothesized common structural characteristics of programs that have been found to be effective in teaching a variety of skills. It is proposed that an ideal correctional rehabilitation program would contain these properties. References are made to examples of effective training programs in corrections and elsewhere and issues relevant to correctional rehabilitation are discussed.