Tagetes erecta, also known as African marigold has numerous medicinal values. With the rising need to explore better antifungal, anticancer agents in therapeutics, we have done this study to evaluate the antifungal and anticancer properties of Tagetes erecta petal extract. Antifungal activity against was evaluated against Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Penicillium crysogenum fungal strains in disc diffusion method using Amphotericin-B, fluconazole as positive controls. Breast cancer line (MCF-7) was used to study the anticancer property of ethanolic petal extract using cytotoxicity assay, in which 5-fluorouracil was used as control. Compared to standard antifungal agents, T.erecta petal extract displayed good efficacy in increasing the diameter of zone of inhibition with disc diffusion method. In cytotoxicity assay, IC50 value was observed to be at concentration of 125µg/ml. This study demonstrated that the petal extract of Tagetes erecta could be a valuable lead, which has the potential to be explored for its use against fungal infection, and breast carcinoma in the upcoming years by the scientific fraternity.
Background: Epidemiologic findings revealed approximately one-third of patients with breast cancer develop brain metastases. Recent research has found that schizophrenia patients who take antipsychotic medications on a long-term basis have a decreased risk of cancers than normal individuals. This serendipitous anticancer action of antipsychotic medications is now being investigated by many studies. The ability of these drugs to penetrate the blood–brain barrier may target brain metastases. We investigated antiproliferative activity of antipsychotic drug. The present study aimed to determine the antiproliferative effects of olanzapine against MCF-7 cells and also to examine its molecular interactions with survivin. Methods: The antiproliferative effects of olanzapine were demonstrated using MTT assay and molecular interactions were analyzed using AutoDock Vina ver4.0 between olanzapine (PubChem CID − 135398745) and survivin (PDB ID − 1E31). These molecular interactions were also compared with tamoxifen (PubChem CID: 2733526). Results: We found that olanzapine has extensive antiproliferative effects against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, with an IC50 of 10.9 g/mL. We also discovered that olanzapine had possible interactions with the survivin protein at Lys15, Phe86, and Val89 amino acid residues, which could be related to effects of olanzapine on MCF-7 cell viability. Conclusion: Our research establishes that olanzapine has promising anticancer properties against breast tumors, with prospective application to target brain metastases in patients with breast cancer.
Background: There is an increasing need for proactive and individualized responses to various diseases in today’s progressive health-care fraternity. Accordingly, the approach to schizophrenia patients encompasses novel developments in the area of personalized medicine. Antipsychotic drugs in clinical practice necessitate biomarkers for the prediction of treatment outcomes and monitoring to ensure an appropriate choice of duration of chronic therapies. Hence, we studied the relation between homocysteine levels in peripheral blood and the effectiveness as well as the safety of haloperidol and olanzapine in schizophrenia treatment. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized parallel-group open-label interventional clinical trial was conducted on 40 mild to moderate schizophrenia patients. To compare the efficacy of olanzapine and haloperidol Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) score was used. Homocysteine levels of peripheral blood and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale scores were evaluated. Results: BPRS score improved in both groups on day 14 and day 28. But significantly more with olanzapine ( P value =.001). The olanzapine group showed a higher reduction (13.91±0.47 to 9.74±0.5) in homocysteine levels than the haloperidol group. Also, the BPRS scores negatively correlated ( r = –0.66) to homocysteine levels. Conclusion: Therefore, our study shows that peripheral blood homocysteine levels can be used to predict and assess the treatment outcome in schizophrenia patients. Biomarker driven approach in schizophrenia will allow the patients to be treated promptly with the right drug. In this light, personalized treatment holds great potential in the future.
Background: Advanced technologies such as a smartphone, laptop, tablet, and iPad allow web browsing and use of online applications (Apps). It is a novel thought to integrate medical educational Apps in academic curriculum. They facilitate a quick access to evidence-based information. Usage of Educational Apps is constantly rising in developing countries like India. Hence, it is rationale to understand the use of Educational applications as an academic tool among medical students from a developing country context. Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of the study are to assess the utility of Educational applications in Medical Education and its advantages and disadvantages, among undergraduate Medical students. Materials and Methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional survey to assess emerging patterns of educational applications use by medical undergraduate students. A structured Google Form online-based questionnaire was utilized for our study as a method of data collection. Results: In our study, we found that above 60% of 205 electronic device users were using their device for medical education. There was significant increase in the use of electronic device in medical education for online lectures, notes taking in our study. Study participants had an upstanding opinion (P = 0.79) toward advantages of electronic devices which were insignificant in the study. The responses by participants of various domains which include utility, opinion, perspectives, and limitations in addition to their correlation was analyzed. Conclusion: The lessons learned from this study are majority of the students use educational applications mainly for learning and communication purpose. With increasing use of electronic devices by students, it is rationale to consider these applications in the learning environment and incorporate in the medical curriculum in the near future.
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