Background The working conditions of bus drivers are difficult; they lead to occupational diseases and require careful study, particularly in Ukraine. The objective of the article is the description of occupational health risks of passenger bus drivers that lead to deteriorating health. Methods The risk assessment was performed using a modified Risk Score method, which allowed determining the generalized level of danger to the driver's health. The hygienic hazards level was assessed as based on Stevenson's law, which was generalized later. Results Based on the modification of the Risk Score method, it was possible to depart from expert assessments method of the risk level and calculate the general indicator based on the degree of dependence of the impact on the human body on its intensity, proposed by V. Minko. This allows objective determining of the impact of hygiene hazards on the health of the driver and to predict the occurrence of occupational diseases associated with the cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, and partial or complete disability due to the accumulation of emotional fatigue. The hazard assessment was carried out for three brands of passenger buses common in Ukraine, in which the driver is exposed to the dangers of fever, vibration, noise, harmful impurities in the bus cabin, and emotional load. Conclusion The health of drivers in the cabins of passenger buses is most affected by hygiene hazards: fever, vibration, and emotional stress. The generalized level of risk is calculated by the modified method of Risk Score is 0.83; −0.99, −0.92 respectively.
Purpose. To develop theoretical and methodological approaches to the assessment of the risk of occupational diseases of the respiratory organs of workers caused by the dustiness of the air in the working area. Methods. Analytical methods, methods of probability theory, results of statistical processing of indicators of occupational respiratory diseases of workers and methods of mathematical modelling are applied in the work. The results. The proposed method of predictive assessment of individual and collective risk of the occurrence of occupational diseases of the respiratory organs of workers caused by dustiness of the air in the working area, the information base of which is the materials of certification of workplaces according to working conditions. According to this methodology, risk is defined as the probability of occurrence of an occupational disease during a certain period of time. The methodology is based on the assumption that with dust loads on the body of workers close to critical levels, there is a linear relationship between the severity of the consequences and the amount of accumulated dust. The assessment of the individual risk of the occurrence of an occupational disease of dust aetiology is based on principles based on causal rather than probabilistic relationships, while taking into account the duration of the harmful factor on the worker, the concentration and physical and chemical properties of dust, the presence and protective properties of respiratory PPE , difficulty of work and other indicators characterising working conditions. Scientific novelty. The peculiarity of the proposed methodological approach to the assessment of the risk of occupational diseases of the workers’ respiratory organs of caused by the air dustiness in the working area is that by calculating the dust load on the body of workers and comparing it with the value of the critical dust load, an assessment of the individual risk is carried out, and on its basis, taking into account the number of employees at the facility, the collective risk is calculated. Practical value. The availability of information regarding the individual risk of occupational diseases in an employee allows for timely management decisions regarding the implementation of a set of measures aimed at improving working conditions or the introduction of means of collective and individual protection of the respiratory organs of employees, and also makes it possible to make a timely decision regarding the impracticality of a particular employee’s further work in harmful working conditions when the permissible level of risk is exceeded.
Purpose. To determine methodological approaches to the integrated assessment of accidents and hazards of coal mining processes, which allow taking into account the mining and geological conditions of coal mining at a particular mining enterprise. Methods. Analytical methods, methods of probability theory, statistical processing of accidents at coal mines of Ukraine and methods of economic and mathematical modelling are used in the work. Results. Methodological bases for integrated assessment of hazards and harmfulness of production taking into account mining and geological conditions of coal mining are developed. It is shown that ambiguity of existing solutions both in terms of theoretical and methodological approaches, and in their practical use in coal mining enterprises, can lead to inefficient use of funds in the implementation of measures to improve working conditions. It is shown that the occurrence of accidents and hazards caused by hazardous production factors is probabilistic, so the economic assessment of these phenomena should be unified and take into account the expected economic losses in accidents and hazards and the probabilistic nature of these phenomena. Scientific novelty. For the first time it was proposed to use the economic assessment of hazardous and harmful production factors typical of the process or production as an integral assessment of accident rate, measure of hazardousness and harmfulness of a technological process or production. Practical value. The ambiguity of existing solutions both in terms of theoretical and methodological approaches, and in their practical use in coal mining enterprises, can lead to inefficient use of funds in the implementation of measures to improve working conditions. Availability of an integrated assessment of hazardous and harmful phenomena of coal mining allows taking more reasonable decisions aimed at preserving and developing the potential of the coal industry, as well as selection and justification of decisions on design and construction of new energy facilities taking into account social and economic aspects
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.