Chalcones are the basic chemical structural predecessors of flavonoids and isoflavonoids, frequently available in many innately arising compounds. Chalcones and their counter parts have drawn the attention of many researchers because of their extensive pharmacological activities with therapeutic potential against various clinical conditions, especially for anticancer activity. The chalcone derivatives potentially suppress the growth of tumors through multiple mechanisms, encompassing interfering cell division, control of cell degradation, triggering cell suicide, and regulating the immune response towards cancer cells and inflammatory mediators. The benefits of chalcones are consistent that researchers develop chalcone derivatives asnovel cancer therapeutic agents. Combination therapy (chalcone derivatives with other chemotherapeutic agents) is even more effective in curing colon cancer. The preclinical findings of treating cancer cells with chalone derivatives were encouraging suggesting their potential use clinically in cancer patients. However, further investigations and a complete study of the degree of toxicity associated with chalcone derivatives are required. The current review summarizes the pharmacological and immunological properties of chalcones and their anticancer activities with their possible mechanisms of action in colon cancer.
Chalcones are small molecules, naturally found in fruits and vegetables, and exhibit diverse pharmacological activities. They also possess anticancer activity against different tumors. They can be converted into numerous derivatives by modifying hydrogen moieties, enabling the exploration of their diverse anticancer potentials. The main aims are to provide valuable insights into the recent progress made in utilizing chalcones and their derivatives as agents against breast cancer while delivering their underlying molecular mechanisms of action. This review presents anticancer molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways modulated by chalcones. Furthermore, it helps in the understating of the precise mechanisms of action and specific molecular targets of chalcones and their synthetic derivatives for breast cancer treatment.
A simple, accurate, precise and robust reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Bilastine and Monteleukast Sodium in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. Chromatographic separation was performed on an Zodiac sil RP C18 column (100mm × 4.6mm, 3µm) with mobile phase consist a mixture of 75:25% v/v acetonitrile: phosphate Buffer pH adjusted to 5.2 with ortho-phosphoric acid in an isocratic elution mode, at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The detection was monitored at 272nm. The retention time of Monteleukast Sodium and Bilastine were found to be 3.668 min and 2.746 min respectively. Linearity range was found between 20-100µg/ml for Bilastine with correlation coefficient of 0.999 and 5-25µg/ml for Monteleukast Sodium with correlation coefficient of 0.999. This method was validated with respect to linearity, precision, accuracy, ruggedness, limit of detection, limit of quantification and robustness. This method was successfully applied for the simultaneous estimation of Bilastine and Monteleukast Sodium in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation.
An analytical method based on reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) has been developed and subsequently validated, which was found to be simple and rapid for the simultaneous quantification of azelnidipine and telmisartan in pharmaceutical dosage form. The separation was performed on an Intersil C18 column (250 × 4.6mm, i.d., 5µm) utilizing the mobile phase having composition 70 volumes of acetonitrile and 30 volumes of 5 millimolar phosphate buffer pH 4.6. The chromatographic analysis was carried on isocratic elution at a flow rate of 1mL/min. Detection was carried out with UV detector at 255nm, and linearity was found at concentration ranges of 10-50µg/ml for AZL and 20-100µg/ml for TEL. The recoveries obtained were 99.48‒100.22% for AZL, and 99.62 – 99.88% for TEL. No interference was found by the excipients in the formulation. The method was validated as per guidelines framed by International conference of harmonization for the parameter accuracy, precision, specificity, robustness, limits of detection and quantitation. The developed RP-HPLC method was applied in the analysis of commercial pharmaceutical products containing AZL and TEL and found to be efficient from recovery results.
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