Cervical length in the first trimester depends on maternal characteristics and a history of cervical surgery. The cervix exhibits minimal changes from 11 to 24 weeks for most women, although the shortening is more prominent in women with a history of cervical surgery or preterm delivery. First-trimester cervical length measurement can predict preterm delivery.

A late third trimester ultrasound was superior in the prediction of SGA and LGA, and this improvement was more pronounced for the prediction of SGA.

Prediction for birthweight deviations is feasible using data available at the routine 11-14 weeks' examination. Delta CRL and delta nuchal translucency were significant independent predictors for both SGA and LGA.

Objectives

A short cervix at 20-24 weeks can be predicted at the 11-14 weeks scan. The addition of a cervical measurement at about 17 weeks can improve the prediction model.

The majority of pregnant women would terminate pregnancy for lethal fetal anomaly and for an anomaly causing mental or physical handicap, even in late pregnancy.

Local formulas improve the EFW calculation. The combined formula can further optimize the accuracy and precision. Application of specific formulas for the small and the large fetus had the most pronounced effect in improving fetal weight estimation.

Third trimester ultrasound is an effective screening modality for identifying fetal macrosomia. A contingency strategy utilizing first trimester parameters can reduce the need for unnecessary examinations.