The world has changed rapidly in recent months as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on all areas of socio-economic life. The crisis directed, in a first phase, the efforts of the whole society in the direction of ensuring the public health, and later also towards the economic recovery by resuming the human activities. In this context, housing has been a point of stability and a starting point for all efforts, and access to adequate housing has proven its importance for ensuring the health and well-being of the population. The purpose of the research is to highlight a series of housing affordability problems pre-existent and new problems arising from the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the housing sector in Romania. The present research highlights pre-existing problems in the general picture of housing at the national level, how these issues condition access to adequate and affordable housing, the emergence of new risk groups in the population in terms of access to housing, highlights the impact of the pandemic on the ability of households to bear housing costs and proves that housing insecurity is exacerbated by the effects of the crisis. The analyzes used data provided by the National Institute of Statistics, Eurostat, the Quality of Life Research Institute as well as reports prepared by specialized European organizations.
Emergencies represent inevitable problems of contemporary society. They have a specific difficulty level determined by a multitude of factors. For these reasons we proposed to do a study on emergencies accessibility within a geographic area with a specific category of risk, considering it useful and topical, but also a solid ground to elaborate this sort of analysis. The purpose of the present paper is to demonstrate the way in which the GIS technology can help the emergency services achieve the optimal level to solve every emergency as effectively as possible. Among the goals of this study is deploying modern methods and techniques of cartographic analysis to achieve cartographic and statistical results that will visually expose and quantify the level of accessibility of Suceava county population to various emergency services, depending on the geographic position of each locality and its assignation toward the closest professional intervention service in emergency situations. In this context, it becomes particularly important the demonstration the applicability of modern techniques of GIS usage and their implementation in various surveys, which can generate differentiations on categories between several zones of investigated area, based on factor analysis and of favorability of the zone analyzed related to the points of interest in the immediate vicinity.
<p>Landscape fragmentation is the expression of patchiness and spatial heterogeneity of land cover pattern. After the breakdown of the socialism regime in 1989, Romania has undergone significant changes at the level of political, institutional and socio-economic profile, which determined researchers to consider this country an experimental territory for land use and landscape research.</p><p>The aim of present study is to detect hotspots of changes of forests landscape fragmentation patterns in the Romanian Carpathian Mountains over the last 28 years. In order to meet our demand we applied a holistic approach to assess the multiple teleconnections between forest cover changes and the degree of fragmentation at regional scale for two distinct periods that make up the 1990-2018 period: (1) 1990-2006 (land restitution period or transition period to the market economy) and (2) 2006-2018 (post-accession period to the European Union).</p><p>The analysis were carried out using freely available time series CORINE Land Cover data of 1990, 2006 and 2018 provided by Copernicus Land Monitoring Services. The initial spatial datasets were processed with the help of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), while GUIDOS, a free software toolbox dedicated to quantitative analysis of digital landscape images, was used to generate spatial and statistics data of the degree of forest landscape fragmentation.</p><p>Our findings indicate that the first period of analysis was more dynamic regarding forest cover changes with a gross area gain of 316 304 ha (7.59%) and a gross area loss of 147 496 ha (3.54%) leading to a net forest area change of 168 808 ha (4.05%) which reflects the level of forest recovery. The change pattern of fragmentation classes showed that 332 045 ha (71.47%) of fragmentation decrease is found for the transition of dominant forest in 1990 into the less fragmented class interior in 2006, while 67 418 ha (65.10%) of all fragmentation increase is found for transition from interior in 1990 to dominant in 2006. The other side, for the period from 2006 to 2018 we found a gross area gain of 127 146 ha (2.93%) and a gross area loss of 212 933 ha (4.91%) leading to a net forest area change of -85 787 ha (-1.98%) which emphasizes the level of forest disturbance. In the same time frame, the high values of fragmentation pattern have been registered for the same classes, 56.82% for fragmentation decrease and 70.60% for fragmentation increase, respectively. The results highlight the reversible impact of land use change on land cover pattern, spatially shaped through afforestation in the first period of analysis and through deforestation in the second period. The afforestation process were determined by high rate of external migration, while deforestation process is a consequence of land restitution laws (Law no. 247/2005), which caused considerable mutations in the ownership of land.</p><p>The study emphasizes the impacts of land use policies and land management practices on the pattern of forest landscape and the usefulness of Guidos Toolbox, a universal digital image object analysis, to detect hotspots of changes at regional scale.</p>
Given the current policies of the Western European countries on the repatriation of Roma population and subsidies granting to those who return to the country of origin, increasingly more Romanian citizens of Roma ethnicity view migration as an economic opportunity. The present study has at its basis the research conducted on Roma immigrants of Romanian origin in the city of Rennes, France, between March and June 2015. The interview-based survey was conducted on a sample of 50 participants of Roma ethnicity, originating from different areas of Romania, and is aimed at analyzing the attitudes of Romanian Roma immigrants towards the local authorities: local administration, school, hospital, NGOs. The research results suggest a positive perception of Roma population directed towards certain local stakeholders, such as the NGOs, hospital and school, as well as certain reluctance towards the local administration. The problems faced by the Roma community members in Rennes are linked to the attitude of local stakeholders towards immigrants, the difficulties of insertion in the work environment and social exclusion issues. Despite the difficulties they face, the most interviewees expressed no desire of return to Romania, except for the situation in which they would be repatriated by the French State. Their migration project is based upon the intention of remaining in France for a number of years, or of migrating to another developed country in Western Europe. The situation of Roma immigrants is highly sensitive, both for France and for the other Western European countries. Since 2000, many NGOs have focused their work on helping these communities illegally settled in France. This study represents a first contribution to a larger research project, focused on the analysis of the Roma community in the city of Rennes in particular and of Roma minorities of Romanian nationality in France, and generally follows the causes that have contributed to increased migration, migration experience and routes within the Roma population.
Historical reconstruction of land-use and land cover dynamic often require comparing maps derived from different sources. Geographic information systems allow the extraction and quantitative analysis of information from historical maps. This study refers to the diachronic analysis of land use dynamics in the geographical area of Rădăuți municipality, territorial-administrative unit located in the northeastern part of Suceava county, Romania. The analysis is based on the use of geospatial techniques in extracting information from historical maps, for emphasizing the land cover and land use dynamic from a spatial and temporal point of view. The cartographic and statistic analysis is based on the identification of a variety of land use categories: croplands, woodlands, water bodies, artificial surfaces, degraded and unproductive lands. Selection of historical maps at a large scale (Austrian cadastral maps, scale 1:2 880; the topographical plans, scale 1:5 000 and ortophotos, scale 1:5 000, updated with aerial images using Terra Incognita 2.41 software) allows a detalied analysis on the land use dynamics in the above-mentioned area. Complementary, temporal dyanamic of the land use categories is highlighted by the choice of some benchmark years, i.e. 1856, 1978 and 2015 corresponding to a different historical, geographic, social and economic context. The results obtained emphasize the territorial distribution and the dynamic of land use categories conditioned by natural and socioeconomic driving factors which influenced with different frequency and intensity during of 159 years. The analysis revealed that the urban landscape has been very dynamic, displaying significant changes in most type of land use, most notably in the case of urban built-up, which emphasize substantial increases, from 134,93 hectares in 1856 to 773,42 hectares in 2015. The analysis of land use dynamic is very useful for planners, because it can argue the best decisions regarding sustainable development of urban areas.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.