Roll-to-roll coating of all active layers is demonstrated for a P–I–N perovskite solar cell stack, using a single step perovskite ink with an acetonitrile solvent system and flexible plastic substrate.

 Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.  You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain  You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.

A report of transparent and conducting silver nanowires (AgNWs) that produce remarkable electrical performance, surface planarity and environmental stability is given.

Enhancing fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell performance using integrated metallic grids to improve carbon electrode conductivity, Current Applied Physics (2020), doi:

The outdoor performance monitoring of two types of perovskite solar cell (PSC) mini-modules based on two different absorbers-CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPI) and Cs0.05FA0.83MA0.17PbI(0.87Br0.13)3 (FMC) is reported. PSC modules displayed markedly different outdoor performance characteristics to other PV technologies owing to the reversible diurnal changes in efficiency, difference in temperature coefficient between absorber layers and response under low light conditions. Examination of diurnal performance parameters on a sunny day showed that whereas the FMC modules maintained their efficiency throughout the day, the MAPI modules peaked in performance during the morning and afternoon, with a strong decrease around midday. Overall, the MAPI modules showed a strongly negative temperature coefficient (TC) for PCE, whereas the FMC modules showed a moderate positive temperature coefficient performance as a function of temperature due to the increase in JSC and FF. Outdoor monitoring of the MAPI modules over several days highlighted that the reduced over the course of the day but recovered overnight. In contrast the FMC modules improved slightly during the daytime although this was too reversed overnight. This paper provides insight into how PSC modules perform under real-life conditions and consider some of the unique characteristics that are observed in this solar cell technology.

The application of spray coated silver nanowires (AgNWs) onto OPVs for building integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs) is demonstrated. By using AgNWs with PEDOT:PSS, a transparent conductive layer was demonstrated on top of an P3HT:PCBM active layer with a sheet resistance of 30Ω/ for 90% transparency. This has been applied to two separate configurations; semi-transparent OPVs for solar glazing applications and OPVs onto an opaque substrate, namely steel. For the latter, a novel technique to planarise the steel substrate with an intermediate layer is also presented, with a substantial decrease in surface roughness reported to ensure that the substrate is smooth enough to use for OPV fabrication. The use of SU-8 as an intermediate layer reduced the surface roughness to R A = 10nm, which is one of the lowest values reported to date, and was achieved on a low cost substrate (DC01 low carbon steel) using solution processing.

The application of luminescent down shifting (LDS) layers as alternative UV filters for CH3NH3PbI3(1-x)Cl3x perovskite solar cell (PSC) devices is reported. A combination of photoabsorption measurements and of device decay measurements during light soaking are used to verify the stability. The application of a UV filter or LDS layer was able to significantly retard photo-induced degradation with ~18% drop in device power conversion efficiency (PCE) observed over 30 hours for non-encapsulated devices, which is compared to ~97% for an unfiltered device, also without encapsulation. Whilst the PCE of the PSC device decreases with the application of the LDS layer, the drop is not as significant as when a commercial UV filter is used. Considering that UV filters will be essential for the commercialization of PSCs, the work provides evidence that the LDS layer can act as an alternative UV filter in PSCs and can limit the drop in PCE that can be expected from the inclusion of a UV filter, thus providing an added benefit over commercial UV filters.

Comparisons between different laboratories on long‐term stability analyses of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is still lacking in the literature. This work presents the results of an interlaboratory study conducted between five laboratories from four countries. Carbon‐based PSCs are prepared by screen printing, encapsulated, and sent to different laboratories across Europe to assess their stability by the application of three ISOS aging protocols: (a) in the dark (ISOS‐D), (b) under simulated sunlight (ISOS‐L), and (c) outdoors (ISOS‐O). Over 1000 h stability is reported for devices in the dark, both at room temperature and at 65 °C. Under continuous illumination at open circuit, cells survive only for few hours, although they recover after being stored in the dark. Better stability is observed for cells biased at maximum power point under illumination. Finally, devices operate in outdoors for 30 days, with minor degradation, in two different locations (Barcelona, Spain and Paola, Malta). The findings demonstrate that open‐circuit conditions are too severe for stability assessment and that the diurnal variation of the photovoltaic parameters reveals performance to be strongly limited by the fill factor, in the central hours of the day, due to the high series resistance of the carbon electrode.